Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors are very uncommon neoplasms that represent only 7% of all ovarian tumors[1][2][3]
- The yearly adjusted incidence rate is approximately 2 per 1,000,000 women for sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors(SCSTs)
- Overall ovarian cancer incidence shows declining trends from 1985 (16.6 per 100,000) to 2014 (11.8 per 100,000) by 29%
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- The mortality rate has gradually been declining from1976 (10.0 per 100,000) and 2015 (6.7 per 100,000) by 33%[3]
Age
The age at presentation varies depending on the subtypes of sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors:[4]
Fibromas:
- Although they can present at any age, the mean age of occurrence is in the late forties
Thecomas:
- They are more likely to occur in postmenopausal women
Sclerosing stromal tumor(SSTs):
- SSTs are more likely to occur in young women
- Approximately 80% of the reported cases are under 30 years of age
- A few cases have been reported in premenarchal girls, although SSTs most commonly occur after menarche
Steroid cell tumors:
- The average age of presentation is 43 years
Adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumors:
- The incidence of adult granulosa cell tumors peaks in early postmenopausal women
- The juvenile form occurs predominantly in children and young women (<30 years)
Race
- Racial predilection do exist for sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors[2][5]
- Racial differences in incidence and mortality within the United States are similar to the observed international variation
- Sexcord-stromal ovarian tumors(SCSTs) have more predilection in women of Caucasian background
- Rates are highest among Whites, intermediate for Hispanics, and lowest among Blacks, and Asian people
Developed Countries versus Developing countries
- The incidence and mortality has gradually declined since the 1990s in most developed countries, largely including North America and Europe
- Intrestingly there has been increases in incidence and mortality rates in less developed countries with recent economic growth and lifestyle changes
- In China, this increase is obvious only among rural women rather than those in more developed urban areas
References
- ↑ Reid BM, Permuth JB, Sellers TA (February 2017). "Epidemiology of ovarian cancer: a review". Cancer Biol Med. 14 (1): 9–32. doi:10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0084. PMC 5365187. PMID 28443200.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Boussios S, Zarkavelis G, Seraj E, Zerdes I, Tatsi K, Pentheroudakis G (October 2016). "Non-epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Elucidating Uncommon Gynaecological Malignancies". Anticancer Res. 36 (10): 5031–5042. doi:10.21873/anticanres.11072. PMID 27798862.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Torre LA, Trabert B, DeSantis CE, Miller KD, Samimi G, Runowicz CD, Gaudet MM, Jemal A, Siegel RL (July 2018). "Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018". CA Cancer J Clin. 68 (4): 284–296. doi:10.3322/caac.21456. PMID 29809280.
- ↑ Horta M, Cunha TM (2015). "Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: a comprehensive review and update for radiologists". Diagn Interv Radiol. 21 (4): 277–86. doi:10.5152/dir.2015.34414. PMC 4498422. PMID 26054417.
- ↑ Anteby SO, Mor Yosef S, Schenker JG (1983). "Ovarian cancer. Geographical, host and environmental factors. An overview". Arch. Gynecol. 234 (2): 137–48. PMID 6364995.