Thymic carcinoma staging
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Thymic Carcinoma Microchapters |
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Thymic carcinoma staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Thymic carcinoma staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Thymic carcinoma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
The staging of thymic carcinoma is based on the Masoka and GETT staging system.[1]
Masaoka TNM Staging System (1999)
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Original Masaoka Staging System (1991)
- Stage I - Macroscopically and microscopically completely encapsulated
- Stage II - Macroscopic invasion into surrounding the adipose tissue or mediastinal pleura or microscopic invasion into the capsule
- Stage III - Macroscopic invasion into adjacent organs or intrathoracic metastases
GETT Staging System
- Stage IA - Encapsulated, completely resected
- Stage IB - Macroscopically completely resected but suspicion of mediastinal adhesions or potential capsular invasion at surgery
- Stage II - Invasive tumor, completely resected
- Stage IIIA - Invasive tumor, subtotal resection
- Stage IIIB - Invasive tumor, biopsy alone
- Stage IVa - Supraclav or pleural met
- Stage IVb - Distant metastases
References
- ↑ Masaoka A, Yamakawa Y, Niwa H, Fukai I, Saito Y, Tokudome S; et al. (1994). "Thymectomy and malignancy". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 8 (5): 251–3. PMID 8043287.