Rheumatic fever classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2]
Overview
Based on the duration of symptoms, rheumatic fever may be classified into either acute or chronic.[1] Acute rheumatic fever may be characterized by Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection and cardiac lesions. Acute Rheumatic fever is diagnosed by JONES criteria.[2] Chronic rheumatic fever may be characterized by cardiac valvular lesions and mitral stenosis.
Classification
Based on the duration of symptoms and the outcome of the disease, rheumatic fever may be classified into either acute or chronic.[1]
Acute
Acute rheumatic fever is when the outcome is recovery with:
- Complete regression of the clinical symptoms
- Normalization of the lab parameters
- No residual change
Acute rheumatic fever is generally associated with:[2]
- Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis
- Lesions in the endocardium, myocardium, or pericardium
- MacCallum plaques
Chronic
Chronic rheumatic fever is generally associated with:
- Cardiac valvular lesions
- Mitral stenosis
- Postinflammatory marginal fibrosis of valvular leaflets
- Cardiac abnormality (failure and/or stenosis) developed after prior ARF
| Types | Association |
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| Acute rheumatic fever |
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| Chronic rheumatic fever |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nasonova VA, Kuz'mina NN, Belov BS (2004). "[Present-day classification and nomenclature of rheumatic fever]". Klin Med (Mosk). 82 (8): 61–6. PMID 15468729.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Gewitz MH, Baltimore RS, Tani LY, Sable CA, Shulman ST, Carapetis J; et al. (2015). "Revision of the Jones Criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 131 (20): 1806–18. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000205. PMID 25908771.