C4 glomerulopathy other diagnostic studies
|
C4 glomerulopathy Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
C4 glomerulopathy other diagnostic studies On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of C4 glomerulopathy other diagnostic studies |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for C4 glomerulopathy other diagnostic studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Ali Poyan Mehr, M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Olufunmilola Olubukola M.D.[3]
Overview
Other Diagnostic Studies
A kidney biopsy may be helpful in the diagnosis of C4 glomerulopathy. Findings suggestive of C4 glomerulopathy include:
- Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, with mesangial and endocapillary hypercellularity.
- The glomerular capillary walls thickening.
- Periodic acid–Schiff stain finding of ribbonlike material on the glomerular basement membrane.
- Immunofluorescence microscopy indicates no glomerular staining for IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C1q, kappa or lambda light chains.
- Electron microscopy is favorable for large subendothelial osmiophilic dense deposits lining the glomerular basement membrane.
- C4d glomerular staining help as a marker for immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis.
- Positive C4d can also assist as a marker for glomerulopathy resulting from activation of the Lectin pathway.