Tremor overview

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Tremor Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Tremor from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Tremor is an unintentional, somewhat rhythmic, muscle movement involving to-and-fro movements (oscillations) of one or more parts of the body. It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands, arms, head, face, vocal cords, trunk, and legs. Most tremors occur in the hands. In some people, tremor is a symptom of another neurological disorder. The most common form of tremor, however, occurs in otherwise healthy people.

Historical Perspective

  • James Parkinson, identified the tremor as "involuntary tremulous motion in parts not in action," in his essay on the shaking palsy, in 1817.
  • Orthostatic tremor was first described by Kenneth M Heilman in 1984.

Classification

Tremor may be classified into:

  • Resting or Action tremor.
  • Action tremor further includes postural, kinetic (simple or intentional), isometric and task-specific tremor.

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Tremor from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Common risk factors include:

Screening

  • There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for tremor.

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

  • Tremor is the most common involuntary movement disorder. in the primary care setting the most common causes of tremors are essential tremors, Parkinson's disease and enhanced physiologic tremor.

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

  • There are no x-ray findings associated with tremor.

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

References