Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anahita Deylamsalehi, M.D.[2] Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]
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Overview
History and Symptoms
History
The following are some of the common findings in patients' history:[1][2][3][4]
- Tick bite
- Erythema migrans
- Some of the patients in a study experienced erythema migrans 6 months to 8 years before acrodermatitis chronica atrophicansis development.
- Neurological symptoms
- Rheumatological symptoms
Symptoms
- Symptoms and different forms of skin involvement in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans are dependent to duration of the disease.[3]
- It usually involves extensor surfaces of the acral regions of limbs beginning with an inflammatory stage (bluish red discoloration and edema followed by an atrophic phase).
- Sclerotic skin plaques may also develop.
- Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans can progress and cause wrinkle.
- The following are symptoms have been observed in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans:[1][3][5]
- Sclerotic skin lesions
- Pain and burning
- Edema
- Wrinkles
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Such as paresthesia and hypesthesia
- Some patients develop symptoms related to peripheral neuropathy at the exact site of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans's lesion, nevertheless there are other patients that experienced these symptoms at other sites.
- Most of the times it presents as asymmetric distal sensory disturbance, which could be painful or painless.
- Arthropathy
- Constitutional symptoms
- Joint deformities
- Based on a study done on 693 patients suffering from acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans:[3]
- Involvement of lower limb (70%) has been more common compared to upper limb (45.2%).
- In 42.4% of cases acral involvement occurred bilaterally.
- Only 2 among 693 patients had skin involvement on areas other than extremities.
- Less than 3% of studied patients had symptoms such as nodule, arthritis, itching, muscle atrophy, joint deformities and paresis.
- Small fraction of patients didn't experience any skin discoloration and their main presentations were edema and atrophic changes.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Asbrink E, Hovmark A, Olsson I (1986). "Clinical manifestations of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans in 50 Swedish patients". Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 263 (1–2): 253–61. doi:10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80128-6. PMID 3577484.
- ↑ Asbrink E, Hovmark A, Hederstedt B (1984). "The spirochetal etiology of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Herxheimer". Acta Derm Venereol. 64 (6): 506–12. PMID 6084922.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Ogrinc K, Maraspin V, Lusa L, Cerar Kišek T, Ružić-Sabljić E, Strle F (2021). "Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: clinical and microbiological characteristics of a cohort of 693 Slovenian patients". J Intern Med. doi:10.1111/joim.13266. PMID 33550695 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 33085436 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Kaminsky, Anne-Laure; Maisonobe, Thierry; Lenglet, Timothée; Psimaras, Dimitri; Debs, Rabab; Viala, Karine (2020). "Confirmed cases of Neuroborreliosis with involvement of peripheral nervous system". Medicine. 99 (40): e21986. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000021986. ISSN 0025-7974.