Mental retardation epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]

Overview

The prevalence is 1% in the general population, with 6 per 1000 persons having a severe mental disability. In the United States, individuals with a severe intellectual disability are at 0.3-0.5%, while worldwide prevalence is at 16.41 per 1000 people in developing countries and 9.21 per 1000 people in developed countries. Males are more likely to have a mental disability with a ratio of 2:1, and families with one child with severe mental disability have a recurrence risk of 3% and 9%. ^[1] ^[2]

In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].

There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].

↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
↑ Maulik, Pallab K.; Mascarenhas, Maya N.; Mathers, Colin D.; Dua, Tarun; Saxena, Shekhar (2011). "Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies". Research in Developmental Disabilities. 32 (2): 419–436. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018. ISSN 0891-4222.