Mental retardation epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
The prevalence is 1% in the general population, with 6 per 1000 persons having a severe mental disability. During 2014–2016, the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with any developmental disability significantly increased, from 5.76% in 2014 to 6.99% in 2016 while the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with intellectual disability did not significantly change from 2014 to 2016. [1]
Age
The prevalence of intellectual disability was lower among younger children than older children: 0.73% among children aged 3–7 years, 1.45% among children aged 8–12 years, and 1.40% among children aged 13–17 years. [2]
Race
The prevalence of children diagnosed with intellectual disability did not differ significantly by race and Hispanic ethnicity. The difference in the prevalence of intellectual disability between non-Hispanic black children (1.53%) and non-Hispanic other children (0.86%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.21). [3]
Gender
Males are more likely to have a mental disability with a ratio of 2:1. During 2014–2016, the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with intellectual disability was 1.48% among boys and 0.90% among girls. [4] [5] [6]
Developed Countries
In the United States, individuals with a severe intellectual disability are at 0.3-0.5% and 9.21 per 1000 people in developed countries. [7] [5]
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
- ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
- ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Maulik, Pallab K.; Mascarenhas, Maya N.; Mathers, Colin D.; Dua, Tarun; Saxena, Shekhar (2011). "Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies". Research in Developmental Disabilities. 32 (2): 419–436. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018. ISSN 0891-4222.
- ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.