Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]
Overview
Natural History
- The classic form, accounting for 70-90% of cases, typically follows a monophasic pattern[1][2]. However, multiphasic disease progression (M-ADEM) has also been previously reported[3].
- The lag period between onset to first relapse can vary from 2 months to 8 years[2], with one case showing recurrence after three decades[4].
- Most of M-ADEM patients demonstrate resolution of lesions with no neurological sequelae on long-term clinical and imaging follow-up[5].
- MRI of patients with co-existent M-ADEM and anti-MOG antibodies typically reveal no new lesions in the asymptomatic period[6].
Complications
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP; et al. (2004). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 23 (8): 756–64. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd. PMID 15295226.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N (2002). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients". Neurology. 59 (8): 1224–31. doi:10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224. PMID 12391351.
- ↑ Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E (2016). "Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants". Expert Rev Neurother. 16 (1): 83–101. doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510. PMID 26620160.
- ↑ Numa S, Kasai T, Kondo T, Kushimura Y, Kimura A, Takahashi H; et al. (2016). "An Adult Case of Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody-associated Multiphasic Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis at 33-year Intervals". Intern Med. 55 (6): 699–702. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5727. PMID 26984094.
- ↑ Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, Banwell B, Chitnis T, Dale RC; et al. (2013). "International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions". Mult Scler. 19 (10): 1261–7. doi:10.1177/1352458513484547. PMID 23572237.
- ↑ Baumann M, Hennes EM, Schanda K, Karenfort M, Kornek B, Seidl R; et al. (2016). "Children with multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG): Extending the spectrum of MOG antibody positive diseases". Mult Scler. 22 (14): 1821–1829. doi:10.1177/1352458516631038. PMID 26869530.