Rheumatic fever risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Overcrowding, poor sanitation, low socio-economic conditions and family history are the common risk factors for acquiring rheumatic fever.
Risk Factors
Factors that may increase the risk for acquiring rheumatic fever include:
- Environmental factors[1]:
- Dampness at home
- Overcrowding
- Poor sanitation
- Low socio-economic status
- Travelling to endemic regions such as developing countries
- Usually occurs among children between 5-15years of age
- Family history - positive family history of rheumatic fever increases the risk as autosomal recessive gene pattern of inheritance has been observed in several studies[2][3].
- Strain of streptococcus - There are certain strains of group A streptococcus such as emm type 12 which are known to cause rheumatic fever[3].
References
- ↑ Vlajinac H, Adanja B, Marinković J, Jarebinski M (1991). "Influence of socio-economic and other factors on rheumatic fever occurrence". Eur J Epidemiol. 7 (6): 702–4. PMID 1783067.
- ↑ DIAMOND EF (1957). "Hereditary and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever". Pediatrics. 19 (5): 908–15. PMID 13431316.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Martin JM, Barbadora KA (2006). "Continued high caseload of rheumatic fever in western Pennsylvania: Possible rheumatogenic emm types of streptococcus pyogenes". J Pediatr. 149 (1): 58–63. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.03.006. PMID 16860129.