Urethritis

Urethritis
ICD-10	N34
ICD-9	597 099.4
DiseasesDB	27902
MeSH	D014526

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Causes of Urethritis

In the diagnostic approach to urethritis, physicians classify the disease as gonococcal urethritis or non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), based on its causation. Non-gonococcal urethritis, sometimes called non-specific urethritis (NSU), has both infectious and non-infectious causes. In men, purulent discharge usually indicates a urethritis of gonococcal nature, while clear discharge indicates urethritis of non-gonococcal nature. Urethritis is difficult to diagnose in women because discharge may not be present, however, the symptoms of dysuria and frequency may be present.

Causes include:

• Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Chlamydia trachomatis
• Mycoplasma genitalium
• Adenovirus
• Herpes simplex
• Reiter's syndrome
• Escherichia coli

History & Symptoms

Discharge (milky or pus-like) from the penis, stinging or burning during urination, itching, tingling, burning or irritation inside the penis.

Medical Therapy

A variety of drugs may be prescribed based on the cause of the patient's urethritis. Some examples of medications based on causes include:

• Clotrimazole (Mycelex) - Trichomonas
• Doxycycline (Vibramycin) - Chlamydia
• Fluconazole (Diflucan) - Monilial
• Metronidazole (Flagyl) - Trichomonas
• Nitrofurantoin - Bacterial Infection
• Nystatin (Mycostatin) - Monilial
• Co-trimoxazole, which is a combination of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim in a ratio of 5 to 1 (Septrin, Bactrim) - Bacterial Infection

Proper perineal hygiene should be stressed. This includes avoiding use of vaginal deodarant sprays and proper wiping after urination and bowel movements. Intercourse should be avoided until symptoms subside.

References

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