Papilledema physical examination

Papilledema
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Papilledema from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Papilledema physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Papilledema physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Papilledema physical examination
CDC on Papilledema physical examination
Papilledema physical examination in the news
Blogs on Papilledema physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Papilledema
Risk calculators and risk factors for Papilledema physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:Kalsang Dolma, MBBS

Eyes

Images shown below are courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

• 
  Papilledema.
• 
  Pseudopapilledema.

There are 10 hallmarks of papilledema seen by using opthalmoscope:

• Blurring of the disc margins
• Filling in of the optic disc cup
• Anterior bulging of the nerve head
• Edema of the nerve fiber layer
• Retinal or choroidal folds
• Congestion of retinal veins
• Peripapillary hemorrhages
• Hyperemia of the optic nerve head
• Nerve fiber layer infarcts
• Hard exudates of the optic disc

On visual field examination, the physician may elicit an enlarged blind spot; the visual acuity may remain relatively intact until papilledema is severe or prolonged.

References