Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
| thyrotropin-releasing hormone | |
|---|---|
 Structural formula of TRH | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | TRH |
| Entrez | 7200 |
| HUGO | 12298 |
| OMIM | 275120 |
| RefSeq | NM_007117 |
| UniProt | P20396 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 3 q13.3-q21 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753
Overview
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also called thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF), thyroliberin or protirelin, is a tripeptide hormone that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin by the anterior pituitary.
Production
TRH is produced by the hypothalamus, near the paraventricular nucleus.[1]
It travels across the median eminence to the pituitary via the hypophyseal portal system. It is released from cells called thyrotropes.[2]
In addition to the brain, TRH can also be detected in other areas of the body including the gastrointestinal system and pancreatic islets.
History
The sequence of TRH was first determined and the hormone synthesized by Roger Guillemin and Andrew V. Schally in 1969.[3][4]
Chemical properties
Its molecular weight is 359.5 Da.
Its structure is: (pyro)Glu-His-Pro-NH2
Clinical significance
It is used in pharmacology (brand name Relefact TRH®) to test the response of the anterior pituitary gland.
Medical preparations of TRH are used in diagnostic tests of thyroid disorders and in acromegaly.
In 1998, a recombinant form of the hormone was approved by FDA, Thyrogen® (thyrotropin alfa), and is used in the detection of residual or recurrent thyroid cancer. (http://www.fda.gov/Cder/consumerinfo/druginfo/thyrogen.HTM)
See also
References
- ↑ Taylor T, Wondisford F, Blaine T, Weintraub B (1990). "The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus has a major role in thyroid hormone feedback regulation of thyrotropin synthesis and secretion". Endocrinology. 126 (1): 317–24. PMID 2104587.
- ↑ http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/tsh.html
- ↑ Boler J, Enzmann F, Folkers K, Bowers CY, Schally AV. The identity of chemical and hormonal properties of the thyrotropin releasing hormone and pyroglutamyl-histidyl-proline amide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1969;37:705-10. PMID 4982117
- ↑ Burgus R, Dunn TF, Desiderio D, Guillemin R. Molecular structure of the hypothalamic hypophysiotropic TRF factor of ovine origin: mass spectrometry demonstration of the PCA-His-Pro-NH2 sequence. Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences 1969;269:1870–1873.
bg:Тиреотропин-освобождаващ хормон
de:Thyreoliberin
it:TRH (ormone)
nl:TRH
sl:Tiroliberin
sr:Тиреотропин ослобађајући хормон