Kaposi's sarcoma medical therapy
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Kaposi's sarcoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Kaposi's sarcoma medical therapy On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Kaposi's sarcoma medical therapy |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Kaposi's sarcoma medical therapy |
Overview
Patients with Kaposi's sarcoma have many treatment options. The selection depends on the stage of the tumor. The options are local therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biologic drugs treatment, or a combination of these methods. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Side effect may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.
Medical Therapy
Kaposi's sarcoma is not curable, in the usual sense of the word, but it can often be effectively palliated for many years and this is the aim of treatment. In KS associated with immunodeficiency or immunosuppression, treating the cause of the immune system dysfunction can slow or stop the progression of KS. In 40% or more of patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma, the Kaposi lesions will shrink upon first starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, in a certain percentage of such patients, Kaposi's sarcoma may again grow after a number of years on HAART, especially if HIV is not completely suppressed. Patients with a few local lesions can often be treated with local measures such as radiation therapy or cryotherapy. Surgery is generally not recommended as Kaposi's sarcoma can appear in wound edges.
Chemotherapy
More widespread disease, or disease affecting internal organs, is generally treated with systemic therapy with interferon alpha, liposomal anthracyclines (such as Doxil) or paclitaxel.
Therapies
- Local therapy:
- Topical treatment: This is the treatment to put medicine directly on the lesions.
- Cryosurgery: During this procedure, the doctor use a probe cooled with liquid nitrogen to freeze the lesions.
- Intralesional chemotherapy: In this procedure, the chemotherapy drug is injected directly into the Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.
- Radiation therapy: This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.
- Chemotherapy: The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing
- Biologic therapy: This treatment uses chemicals such as interferon alpha to help the immune system attack cancer cells.