Hemiplegia

Hemiplegia
ICD-10	G80.2, G81
ICD-9	342-343, 438.2
MeSH	D006429

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List of terms related to Hemiplegia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Hemiplegia is a condition where there is paralysis in one vertical half of a patient's body. This is not hemiparesis wherein one half of the body is weakened, i.e. one arm and its corresponding leg are weak. Hemiplegia is similar to hemiparesis, but hemiparesis is considered less severe.

Causes

It can be congenital (occurring before, during, or soon after birth) or acquired (as from illness or stroke).

It is usually the result of a stroke, although disease processes affecting the spinal cord and other diseases affecting the hemispheres are equally capable of producing this clinical state. Hemiplegia can be a more serious consequence of stroke than spasticity.

Cerebral palsy can also affect one hemisphere, resulting in limited function. This does not cause paralysis but instead causes spasms. Cerebral palsy where this is the only symptom is often referred just as hemiplegia.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus can lead to transient hemiplegia.

A rare cause of hemiplegia is due to local anaesthetic injections given intra-arterially rapidly, instead of given in a nerve branch.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular
Chemical / poisoning
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect
Ear Nose Throat
Endocrine
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic
Genetic
Hematologic
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease
Musculoskeletal / Ortho
Neurologic
Nutritional / Metabolic
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Oncologic
Opthalmologic
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte
Rheum / Immune / Allergy
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

• Acute infantile hemiplegia

• Alternating hemiplegia

• Apolipoprotein A1 deficiency

• Benedikt's syndrome

• Birth injury

• Bone marrow failure neurologic abnormalities

• Brain injury

• Brushfield-Wyatt syndrome

• Cerebellar abscess

• Cerebral abscess

• Cerebral agenesis

• Cerebral angioma

• Cerebral contusion

• Cerebral embolism

• Cerebral hemorrhage

• Cerebral palsy

• Cerebral thrombosis

• Cortical thrombophlebitis

• Encephalitis

• Epiloia

• Extradural hematoma

• Head injury

• Hemorrhage

• Hydatid cyst

• Hyper IgE syndrome, autosomal recessive

• Hypertensive encephalopathy

• Hysteria

• Infective endocarditis

• Internal carotid agenesis

• Klippel-Feil Syndrome

• Meningitis

• Millard-Gubler syndrome

• Motor neuron disease

• Multiple sclerosis

• Paragonimiasis

• Pick's disease

• Porencephaly

• Primary neoplasm

• Rasmussen subacute encephalitis

• Raymond-Foville syndrome

• Schilder's disease

• Secondary neoplasm

• Sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation

• Stroke

• Stroke rehabilitation

• Sturge-Weber syndrome

• Subarachnoid hemorrhage

• Subdural hemorrhage

• Toxoplasmosis

• Traumatic cerebral hemorrhage

• Weber's syndrome

Hemiplegic migraine

Hemiplegic migraine is a form of migraine during which the person will experience the feeling of numbness on one side of their body. This feeling will usually pass within 2-12 hour.

See also

• Alternating hemiplegia

External links

• CHASA Children's Hemiplegia and Stroke Association non-profit organization
• HemiHelp, a UK based childhood hemiplegia (cerebral palsy) charity
• AHC Kids Dutch website about Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood
• Spinal Cord Injury Peer Support