Hospital-acquired pneumonia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The majority of cases related to various gram-negative bacilli (52%) and S. aureus (19%). Others are Haemophilus spp. (5%). In the ICU results were S. aureus(17.4%), P. aeruginosa (17.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. (18.1%), and Haemophilus influenzae (4.9%). Viruses -influenza and respiratory syncytial virus and, in the immunocompromised host, cytomegalovirus- cause 10-20% of infections.
Etiological agents [1]
Aerobic gram negative pathogens
- Commonly polymicrobial
- Common microbial agents include:
Gram-positive pathogens
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (common in patients with diabetes mellitus, head trauma, and in ICU)
Elderly population
- S. aureus
- Enteric gram-negative rods
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Pseudomonas
References
- ↑ "Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 171 (4): 388–416. 2005. doi:10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST. PMID 15699079. Retrieved 2012-09-12. Unknown parameter
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