Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection other diagnostic studies
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Differentiating Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness. It is caused by an emerging coronavirus, specifically a betacoronavirus called MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus), first discovered in 2012. Being a relatively novel virus, there is no virus-specific prevention or treatment options for MERS patients. Attending to the fact that a vaccine hasn't been developed yet, enhancing infection prevention and control measures is critical to prevent the possible spread of MERS-CoV in hospitals and communities. Persons with symptoms suspicious of MERS-CoV infection need medical evaluation. According to the CDC: a certified case of MERS-CoV infection is considered an individual who shows laboratory confirmation of infection by MERS-CoV. This last one is given by a positive PCR test of ≥2 specific genomic targets or, a single positive target followed by successful sequencing of a second; while a probable case of MERS-CoV infection is an individual who has missing or inconclusive laboratory test results for the infection and that has been in close contact with another individual who is a "laboratory-confirmed case" of MERS-CoV infection. Laboratory tests, such as the PCR for MERS-CoV are available at state health departments, CDC and some international laboratories. Otherwise, MERS-CoV tests are not routinely available, despite the existence of a limited number of non-FDA-approved commercial tests.[1][2][3]
Other Diagnostic Studies
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Serology
References
- ↑ Dyall J, Coleman CM, Hart BJ, Venkataraman T, Holbrook MR, Kindrachuk J; et al. (2014). "Repurposing of clinically developed drugs for treatment of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus Infection". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.03036-14. PMID 24841273.
- ↑ "Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infections when novel coronavirus is suspected: What to do and what not to do" (PDF).
- ↑ "MERS Prevention and Treatment".