ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C member 9 (ABCC9) also known as sulfonylurea receptor 2 (SUR2) is an ATP-binding cassette transporter that in humans is encoded by the ABCC9gene.[1][2]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MRP subfamily which is involved in multi-drug resistance. This protein is thought to form ATP-sensitive potassium channels in cardiac, skeletal, and vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle. Protein structure suggests a role as the drug-binding channel-modulating subunit of the extrapancreatic ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several products, two of which result from differential usage of two terminal exons and one of which results from exon deletion.[3]
A variant has also been associated with circa 25 minutes more sleep per day in humans; lack thereof has been associated with three hours less sleep per day in fruit flies.[5][6]
↑Harakalova, Magdalena; van Harssel, Jeske J T; Terhal, Paulien A; van Lieshout, Stef; Duran, Karen; Renkens, Ivo; Amor, David J; Wilson, Louise C; Kirk, Edwin P; Turner, Claire L S; Shears, Debbie; Garcia-Minaur, Sixto; Lees, Melissa M; Ross, Alison; Venselaar, Hanka; Vriend, Gert; Takanari, Hiroki; Rook, Martin B; van der Heyden, Marcel A G; Asselbergs, Folkert W; Breur, Hans M; Swinkels, Marielle E; Scurr, Ingrid J; Smithson, Sarah F; Knoers, Nine V; van der Smagt, Jasper J; Nijman, Isaac J; Kloosterman, Wigard P; van Haelst, Mieke M; van Haaften, Gijs; Cuppen, Edwin. "Dominant missense mutations in ABCC9 cause Cantú syndrome". Nature Genetics. 44: 793–796. doi:10.1038/ng.2324. PMID22610116.
↑Allebrandt, KV; et al. (Nov 2011). "A K(ATP) channel gene effect on sleep duration: from genome-wide association studies to function in Drosophila". Mol. Psychiatry. 18: 122–132. doi:10.1038/mp.2011.142. PMID22105623.
Further reading
Jiao J, Garg V, Yang B, et al. (2008). "Protein kinase C-epsilon induces caveolin-dependent internalization of vascular adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive K+ channels". Hypertension. 52 (3): 499–506. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.110817. PMID18663158.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID16189514.
Croker B, Crozat K, Berger M, et al. (2007). "ATP-sensitive potassium channels mediate survival during infection in mammals and insects". Nat. Genet. 39 (12): 1453–60. doi:10.1038/ng.2007.25. PMID18026101.
Kang Y, Ng B, Leung YM, et al. (2006). "Syntaxin-1A actions on sulfonylurea receptor 2A can block acidic pH-induced cardiac K(ATP) channel activation". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (28): 19019–28. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513160200. PMID16672225.
Saito A, Kawamoto M, Kamatani N (2009). "Association study between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 199 drug-related genes and commonly measured quantitative traits of 752 healthy Japanese subjects". J. Hum. Genet. 54 (6): 317–23. doi:10.1038/jhg.2009.31. PMID19343046.
Insuk SO, Chae MR, Choi JW, et al. (2003). "Molecular basis and characteristics of KATP channel in human corporal smooth muscle cells". Int. J. Impot. Res. 15 (4): 258–66. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901013. PMID12934053.
Singh H, Hudman D, Lawrence CL, et al. (2003). "Distribution of Kir6.0 and SUR2 ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunits in isolated ventricular myocytes". J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 35 (5): 445–59. doi:10.1016/S0022-2828(03)00041-5. PMID12738227.
Jöns T, Wittschieber D, Beyer A, Meier C, Brune A, Thomzig A, Ahnert-Hilger G, Veh RW (August 2006). "K+-ATP-channel-related protein complexes: potential transducers in the regulation of epithelial tight junction permeability". J. Cell Sci. 119 (Pt 15): 3087–97. doi:10.1242/jcs.03041. PMID16820413.
Minoretti P, Falcone C, Aldeghi A, et al. (2006). "A novel Val734Ile variant in the ABCC9 gene associated with myocardial infarction". Clin. Chim. Acta. 370 (1–2): 124–8. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2006.02.007. PMID16563363.
Kang Y, Leung YM, Manning-Fox JE, et al. (2004). "Syntaxin-1A inhibits cardiac KATP channels by its actions on nucleotide binding folds 1 and 2 of sulfonylurea receptor 2A". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (45): 47125–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.M404954200. PMID15339904.
Burke MA, Mutharasan RK, Ardehali H (2008). "The sulfonylurea receptor, an atypical ATP-binding cassette protein, and its regulation of the KATP channel". Circ. Res. 102 (2): 164–76. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.165324. PMID18239147.
Ellis JA, Lamantia A, Chavez R, et al. (2010). "Genes controlling postural changes in blood pressure: comprehensive association analysis of ATP-sensitive potassium channel genes KCNJ8 and ABCC9". Physiol. Genomics. 40 (3): 184–8. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00173.2009. PMID19952277.
Sato N, Nakayama T, Asai S, Soma M (2006). "A haplotype in the human Sur2 gene is associated with essential hypertension". J Hum Hypertens. 20 (1): 87–90. doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001943. PMID16267564.
Curley M, Cairns MT, Friel AM, et al. (2002). "Expression of mRNA transcripts for ATP-sensitive potassium channels in human myometrium". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8 (10): 941–5. doi:10.1093/molehr/8.10.941. PMID12356945.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID14702039.
Ploug KB, Sørensen MA, Strøbech L, et al. (2008). "K ATP channels in pig and human intracranial arteries". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 601 (1–3): 43–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.041. PMID18996111.
Garg V, Sun W, Hu K (2009). "Caveolin-3 negatively regulates recombinant cardiac K(ATP) channels". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 385 (3): 472–7. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.100. PMID19481058.