Acute retinal necrosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
The estimated incidence of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is approximately 6.3 per 100,000 individuals. ARN that has developed from Herpes simplex virus 1 or Varicella-zoster virus is most common among patients older than 50 years, while the incidence of HSV-2 caused ARN is highest in children and young adults between age 9 and 22 years. There is no racial or gender predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The estimated incidence of ARN is approximately 6.3 per 100,000 individuals.
- Worldwide, the increase in immunocompromised and aged populations in most countries has been correlated with an increase in the incidence of acute retinal necrosis.[1]
- There is evidence that this incidence is underestimated due to biases in case adjudication and under-reporting of data.[2][3][4][5][6]
Age
- Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) developed from Herpes simplex virus 1 and Varicella-zoster virus is most common among patients older than 50 years.[7]
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2 infection is more common among children and adolescents; the incidence of HSV-2-caused ARN is highest in children and young adults between age 9 and 22 years.
Gender
There is no gender predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.
Race
There is no racial predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.
References
- ↑ Cochrane TF, Silvestri G, McDowell C, Foot B, McAvoy CE (2012). "Acute retinal necrosis in the United Kingdom: results of a prospective surveillance study". Eye (Lond). 26 (3): 370–7, quiz 378. doi:10.1038/eye.2011.338. PMC 3298997. PMID 22281865.
- ↑ Muthiah MN, Michaelides M, Child CS, Mitchell SM (2007). "Acute retinal necrosis: a national population-based study to assess the incidence, methods of diagnosis, treatment strategies and outcomes in the UK". Br J Ophthalmol. 91 (11): 1452–5. doi:10.1136/bjo.2007.114884. PMC 2095441. PMID 17504853.
- ↑ Usui Y, Goto H (2008). "Overview and diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome". Semin Ophthalmol. 23 (4): 275–83. doi:10.1080/08820530802111325. PMID 18584564.
- ↑ Kezuka T, Atherton SS (2007). "Acute retinal necrosis". Chem Immunol Allergy. 92: 244–53. doi:10.1159/000099275. PMID 17264500.
- ↑ Bonfioli AA, Eller AW (2005). "Acute retinal necrosis". Semin Ophthalmol. 20 (3): 155–60. doi:10.1080/08820530500232027. PMID 16282149.
- ↑ Chun HL, Missotten T, Salzmann J, Lightman SL (2007). "Acute Retinal Necrosis: Features, Management, and Outcomes". Opthalmology. 114: 756–762. Unknown parameter
|Issue=ignored (|issue=suggested) (help) - ↑ Brydak-Godowska J, Borkowski P, Szczepanik S, Moneta-Wielgoś J, Kęcik D (2014). "Clinical manifestation of self-limiting acute retinal necrosis". Med. Sci. Monit. 20: 2088–96. doi:10.12659/MSM.890469. PMC 4226315. PMID 25356955.