Allergic conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]
Overview
Allergic conjunctivitis exhibits distinct epidemiological and demographic characteristics based on the populations studied and the presence of comorbid conditions. Females are more affected and children often have other co-existent allergic diseases. Intermittent episodes are common, with the chronic forms more encountered in clinical practice.
Epidemiology and Demographics
- A prevalence of 15-20% is seen in studies performed on older population, but more recent studies estimate rates as high as 40%[1].
- The age-sex adjusted prevalence was as high as 70.5% in a study conducted in Saudi Arabia, which did not show any variation of risk of the disease with age group. However, females were affected more frequently than males[2].
- Most children with allergic conjunctivitis also suffer from allergic rhinitis. Ocular allergies may even supersede the primary complaints of nasal congestion[1].
- Although seasonal allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent form, the chronic forms, such as vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, are the ones more commonly encountered by ophthalmologists[3].
- Most of the patients with allergic conjunctivitis suffer few mild ,intermittent episodes on an annual basis. However, 30% of patients experience intense and persistent symptoms[3].
- Treatment is frequently inappropriate[3].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rosario N, Bielory L (2011). "Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis". Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 11 (5): 471–6. doi:10.1097/ACI.0b013e32834a9676. PMID 21785348.
- ↑ Alqurashi KA, Bamahfouz AY, Almasoudi BM (2020). "Prevalence and causative agents of allergic conjunctivitis and its determinants in adult citizens of Western Saudi Arabia: A survey". Oman J Ophthalmol. 13 (1): 29–33. doi:10.4103/ojo.OJO_31_2019. PMC 7050458 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32174737 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D (2015). "Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study". Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 15 (5): 482–8. doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204. PMID 26258920.