Aplastic anemia laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [3] Nazia Fuad M.D.
Overview
Patients with aplastic anemia have a hypoplastic bone marrow (<20% cellularity), pancytopenia, transfusion-dependent anemia, thrombocytopenia, severe neutropenia), low reticulocyte count, and normal maturation of all cell lines.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of aplastic anemia include:
Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
- Decreased hematocrit
- Decreased white blood cell count
- Decreased platelet count
Reticulocyte count
- Decreased reticulocyte count (reticulocytopenia)
Peripheral blood smear
- Macrocytosis
- Poikilocytosis
- Small-sized platelets
Other tests
The following tests should be performed to rule out other conditions:
- Renal function
- Basic metabolic panel
- Liver enzymes
- Thyroid function tests
- Viral studies
- Vitamin B12 and folic acid levels
Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy
- Hypocellular bone marrow with increased adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the marrow space[1]
- Normal maturation of all cell lines
References
- ↑ Scheinberg P, Young NS (2012). "How I treat acquired aplastic anemia". Blood. 120 (6): 1185–96. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-12-274019. PMC 3418715. PMID 22517900.