Diabetes mellitus type 1 dietary management

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Case #1

Diabetes mellitus Main page
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]

Overview

The international guidelines recommend patient's based approach (individualization) of insulin therapy and dietary regimen in type 1 diabetes.

Dietary Management

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists - General Nutrition Recommendations (DO NOT EDIT)

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Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus The key to successful MNT is synchronizing carbohydrate intake with insulin therapy. The use of basal-bolus insulin therapy using insulin analogs or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in conjunction with carbohydrate counting is the most physiologic treatment and provides the greatest flexibility in terms of food choices and timing of meals. For patients unable or unwilling to count carbohydrates, basal-bolus therapy using a consistent carbohydrate meal plan can be equally effective. Considering the glycemic index and the glycemic load of foods is another tool that can be used to optimally time the mealtime insulin injection.

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American Diabetes Association - General Nutrition Recommendations (DO NOT EDIT)

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Nutrition Interventions for Type 1 Diabetes For individuals with type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy should be integrated into an individual's dietary and physical activity pattern. (E) Individuals using rapid-acting insulin by injection or an insulin pump should adjust the meal and snack insulin doses based on the carbohydrate content of the meals and snacks. (A) For individuals using fixed daily insulin doses, carbohydrate intake on a day-to-day basis should be kept consistent with respect to time and amount. (C) For planned exercise, insulin doses can be adjusted. For unplanned exercise, extra carbohydrate may be needed. (E)

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