HELLP syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Complications
- There can be complications before and after the baby is delivered, including:
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): a clotting disorder that leads to
- Excess bleeding (hemorrhage)
- Fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema)
- Kidney failure
- Liver hemorrhage and failure
- Separation of the placenta from the uterine wall (placental abruption)
- After the baby is born and HELLP syndrome has time to improve, most of these complications will go away.
Prognosis
- Mortality is 7-35% and perinatal mortality of the child may be up to 40%.
- When the disease is not treated early, up to 1 out of 4 women develop serious complications. Without treatment, a small number of women die.
- The death rate among babies born to mothers with HELLP syndrome depends on birth weight and the development of the baby's organs, especially the lungs.
- HELLP syndrome may return in up to 1 out of 4 future pregnancies.