Hiatus hernia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overvie
The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia. If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric volvulus. Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%. The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia.[1]
- If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric volvulus.[2]
Complications
- Common complications of hiatus hernia include:
- Anemia from bleeding from erosions caused by reflux esophagitis[3]
- Esophageal adenocarcinoma[2]
- Gastric volvulus and perforation in paraesopahgeal type[4]
- Strangulation in paraesophageal hernia
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%.[5]
- The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured.
References
- ↑ Hyun JJ, Bak YT (2011). "Clinical significance of hiatal hernia". Gut Liver. 5 (3): 267–77. doi:10.5009/gnl.2011.5.3.267. PMC 3166665. PMID 21927653.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wu AH, Tseng CC, Bernstein L (2003). "Hiatal hernia, reflux symptoms, body size, and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma". Cancer. 98 (5): 940–8. doi:10.1002/cncr.11568. PMID 12942560.
- ↑ Neumann, L.; Poulton, B.; Ridley, S. (1999). "Life-threatening complications of hiatus hernia". Anaesthesia. 54 (1): 93–94. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.0759o.x. ISSN 0003-2409.
- ↑ Hennessey D, Convie L, Barry M, Aremu M (2012). "Paraoesophageal hernia: an overview". Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 73 (8): 437–40. PMID 22875520.
- ↑ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/73551/Hiatal-hernia/Prognosis