Human respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Bassel Almarie M.D.[2]
Overview
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a negative sense, single stranded RNA virus, member of Pneumoviridae family, Orthopneumovirus genus. It is spread by direct contact with infectious sections or by self-inoculation after touching contaminated surfaces. The virus infects the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract triggering an intense inflammatory response.
Transmission
- Respiratory syncytial virus is spread by
- The virus infects the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, specifically the bronchioles. It may also infect the basal cells, targeting the airway epithelium[3].
- Upon infection, an intense inflammatory response is triggered, mediated initially by the infected airway epithelial cells[4][5].
Genetics
- RSV is an enveloped, negative sense, single stranded RNA virus. It is member of Pneumoviridae family, Orthopneumovirus genus[5].
- The viral genome encodes 11 proteins. The G protein is responsible for viral attachment to cells, and the F protein promotes syncytia formation[4].
References
- ↑ Hall CB, Douglas RG (1981). "Modes of transmission of respiratory syncytial virus". J Pediatr. 99 (1): 100–3. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80969-9. PMID 7252646.
- ↑ Hall CB (2000). "Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: the "Cold War" has not ended". Clin Infect Dis. 31 (2): 590–6. doi:10.1086/313960. PMID 10987726.
- ↑ Persson BD, Jaffe AB, Fearns R, Danahay H (2014). "Respiratory syncytial virus can infect basal cells and alter human airway epithelial differentiation". PLoS One. 9 (7): e102368. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102368. PMC 4102526. PMID 25033192.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hacking D, Hull J (2002). "Respiratory syncytial virus--viral biology and the host response". J Infect. 45 (1): 18–24. doi:10.1053/jinf.2002.1015. PMID 12217726.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rey-Jurado E, Kalergis AM (2017). "Immunological Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Caused Pneumonia-Implications for Vaccine Design". Int J Mol Sci. 18 (3). doi:10.3390/ijms18030556. PMC 5372572. PMID 28273842.