Infants with dextro-transposition of the great arteries

Dextro-transposition of the great arteries Microchapters
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Overview
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating dextro-transposition of the great arteries from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Screening
Pre-natal dextro-transposition of the great arteries
Post-natal dextro-transposition of the great arteries
Infants with dextro-transposition of the great arteries
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
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Case #1
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [4]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [5]

Overview

Infants with dextro-transposition of the great arteries initially attract attention because of cyanosis or congestive heart failure or both.

Infants with d-TGA

• Essentially, all these patients attract attention in infancy because of cyanosis or CHF or both.
• Normally, the lungs are examined first, then the heart is examined if there are no apparent problems with the lungs. These examinations are typically performed using ultrasound, known as an echocardiogram when performed on the heart.
• On the rare occasion, initial symptoms may go unnoticed, resulting in the infant being discharged without treatment in the event of a hospital or birthing center birth, or a delay in bringing the infant for diagnosis in the event of a home birth. On these occasions, a layperson is likely not to recognize symptoms until the infant is experiencing moderate to serious congestive heart failure (CHF) as a result of the heart working harder in a futile attempt to increase oxygen flow to the body; this overworking of the heart muscle eventually leads to hypertrophy and may result in cardiac arrest if left untreated.