Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]

Overview

Patients may be diagnosed with MGUS if they fulfill the three component criteria which includes a monoclonal paraprotein band less than 3 g/dl, plasma cells less than 10% on bone marrow examination, and no evidence of bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, or renal insufficiency related to the paraprotein. Peripheral blood should be assessed for hypercalcemia and deterioration in renal function, and urine should be assessed for Bence-Jones protein.

Laboratory Findings

• Patients may be diagnosed with MGUS if they fulfill the following three criteria:

1. A monoclonal paraprotein band less than 3 g/dl
2. Plasma cells less than 10% on bone marrow examination
3. No evidence of bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, or renal insufficiency related to the paraprotein

• Urine should not show Bence-Jones protein
• Serum free light chain (FLC) assay should be assessed in urine and blood
• Immunoglobulins quantitation can be done but is not necessary