Odynophagia physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]
Overview:
Physical examination of patients with odynophagia is dependent on the underlying cause. Patients with odynophagia usually appear in discomfort. May be feverish and tachycardic in case of inflammation. May have exanthem in case of viremia or bacteremia. Neuromuscular examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal. However in cases of URTI causing meningitis may produce symptoms of meningeal irritation.
Physical examination:
Following examination finding are required to evaluate the patient of odynophagia:
Physical examination of patients with odynophagia is dependent on the underlying cause. Please click the specified disease below to see the full physical exam.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with odynophagia usually appear in discomfort.
Vital Signs
- Normal
- May be feverish and have tachycardia in case of inflammation.
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
- May have exanthem in case of viremia or bacteremia.
HEENT
- Head and eyes examination of patients with dysphagia is usually normal.
- ENT examination may reveal signs of inflammation as URTI.
- stomatodynia (pain in mouth) may possibly accompany oral inflammation.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal, but may presents with masses or swelling of the neck depending on the underlying cause.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
- Esophageal spasms – diffuse or nutcracker syndrome may confuse with cardiac causes so it is important to differentiate by performing cardiac exam.
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
- Epigastric mild tenderness may be appreciated in case of GERD esophageal tears/perforation.
Back
- Back examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
- Pain may be felt in patients with esophageal tears/perforation.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with dysphagia is usually normal.
Neuromuscular[edit | edit source]
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal. However in cases of URTI causing meningitis may produce symptoms of meningeal irritation.
Extremities
- Extremities examination of patients with odynophagia is usually normal.
References
- ↑ Cho, S. Y.; Choung, R. S.; Saito, Y. A.; Schleck, C. D.; Zinsmeister, A. R.; Locke, G. R.; Talley, N. J. (2015). "Prevalence and risk factors for dysphagia: a USA community study". Neurogastroenterology & Motility. 27 (2): 212–219. doi:10.1111/nmo.12467. ISSN 1350-1925.
- ↑ Salgado C, Garcia AM, Rúbio C, Cunha F (2017). "[Infectious Mononucleosis and Cholestatic Hepatitis: A Rare Association]". Acta Med Port. 30 (12): 886–888. doi:10.20344/amp.8715. PMID 29364802.
- ↑ So H, Park BH, Jang K, Baek H, Kim YJ (2018). "Esophagogastric Crohn's Disease Manifested by Life-Threatening Odynophagia and Chest Pain: a Case Report". J Korean Med Sci. 33 (4): e30. doi:10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e30. PMC 5760815. PMID 29318797.
- ↑ Eskander A, Monteiro E, O'Connell D, Taylor SM, Canadian Association of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology (CAHNSO) (2018). "Head and Neck Surgical Oncology Choosing Wisely Campaign: imaging for patients with hoarseness, fine needle aspiration for neck mass, and ultrasound for odynophagia". J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 47 (1): 2. doi:10.1186/s40463-017-0251-x. PMC 5759226. PMID 29310719.
- ↑ Gonzales Zamora JA, Espinoza LA (2017). "Histoplasma and Cytomegalovirus Coinfection of the Gastrointestinal Tract in a Patient with AIDS: A Case Report and Review of the Literature". Diseases. 5 (4). doi:10.3390/diseases5040030. PMC 5750541. PMID 29292712.
- ↑ Miranda C, Jaker MA, Fitzhugh-Kull VA, Dever LL (2018). "Oropharyngeal histoplasmosis: The diagnosis lies in the biopsy". IDCases. 11: 33–35. doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2017.12.005. PMC 5738199. PMID 29276680.
- ↑ Jalisi S, Jamal BT, Grillone GA (2017). "Surgical Management of Long-standing Eagle's Syndrome". Ann Maxillofac Surg. 7 (2): 232–236. doi:10.4103/ams.ams_53_17. PMC 5717900. PMID 29264291.
- ↑ Jalisi S, Sakai O, Jamal BT, Mardirossian V (2017). "Features of Prevertebral Disease in Patients Presenting to a Head and Neck Surgery Clinic with Neck Pain". Ann Maxillofac Surg. 7 (2): 228–231. doi:10.4103/ams.ams_54_17. PMC 5717899. PMID 29264290.