Percutaneous coronary intervention cardiac rehabilitation

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Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Guidelines Microchapters

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Overview

PCI Approaches:

CAD Revascularization:

Heart Team Approach to Revascularization Decisions
Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Intervention in left main coronary artery disease
Non-Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Revascularization to Improve Symptoms
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Compliance and Stent Thrombosis
Hybrid Coronary Revascularization

Pre-procedural Considerations:

Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Anaphylactoid Reactions
Statin Treatment
Bleeding Risk
Role of Onsite Surgical Backup

Procedural Considerations:

Vascular Access
PCI in Specific Clinical Situations:
Asymptomatic Ischemia or CCS Class I or II Angina
CCS Class III Angina
Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction:
General and Specific Considerations
Coronary Angiography Strategies in STEMI
Primary PCI of the Infarct Artery
Delayed or Elective PCI in patients with STEMI
Fibrinolytic-Ineligible Patients
Facilitated PCI
Rescue PCI
After Successful Fibrinolysis or for Patients Not Undergoing Primary Reperfusion
Cardiogenic Shock
Prior Coronary Bypass Surgery
Revascularization Before Non-cardiac Surgery
Adjunctive Diagnostic Devices:
Fractional Flow Reserve
Intravascular Ultrasound
Adjunctive Therapeutic Devices:
Coronary Atherectomy
Thrombectomy
Laser Angioplasty
Cutting Balloon Angioplasty
Embolic Protection Devices
Percutaneous Hemodynamic Support Devices
Antiplatelet therapy:
Oral Antiplatelet Therapy
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists
Intravenous Antiplatelet therapy:
STEMI
UA/NSTEMI
SIHD
Anticoagulant Therapy:
Parenteral Anticoagulants During PCI
Unfractionated Heparin
Enoxaparin
Bivalirudin and Argatroban
Fondaparinux
No-Reflow Pharmacological Therapies
PCI in Specific Anatomic Situations:
Chronic Total Occlusions
Saphenous Vein Grafts
Bifurcation Lesions
Aorto-Ostial Stenoses
Calcified Lesions
PCI in Specific Patient Populations:
Chronic Kidney Disease
Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction Assessment
Vascular Closure Devices

Post-Procedural Considerations:

Post-procedural Antiplatelet Therapy
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Antiplatelet Therapy
Clopidogrel Genetic Testing
Platelet Function Testing
Restenosis
Exercise Testing
Cardiac Rehabilitation

Quality and Performance Considerations:

Quality and Performance
Certification and Maintenance of Certification
Operator and Institutional Competency and Volume

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

2011 ACCF/AHA Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (DO NOT EDIT)[1]

Cardiac Rehabilitation (DO NOT EDIT)[1]

Class I
"1. Medically supervised exercise programs (cardiac rehabilitation) should be recommended to patients after PCI, particularly for moderate- to high-risk patients for whom supervised exercise training is warranted.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] (Level of Evidence: A)"

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, Bailey SR, Bittl JA, Cercek B, Chambers CE, Ellis SG, Guyton RA, Hollenberg SM, Khot UN, Lange RA, Mauri L, Mehran R, Moussa ID, Mukherjee D, Nallamothu BK, Ting HH (2011). "2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions" (PDF). Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 58 (24): 2550–83. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.006. PMID 22070837. Retrieved 2011-12-08. Text "PDF" ignored (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Goel K, Lennon RJ, Tilbury RT, Squires RW, Thomas RJ (2011). "Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on mortality and cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in the community". Circulation. 123 (21): 2344–52. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.983536. PMID 21576654. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Taylor RS, Brown A, Ebrahim S, Jolliffe J, Noorani H, Rees K, Skidmore B, Stone JA, Thompson DR, Oldridge N (2004). "Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". The American Journal of Medicine. 116 (10): 682–92. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.01.009. PMID 15121495. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Giannuzzi P, Temporelli PL, Marchioli R, Maggioni AP, Balestroni G, Ceci V, Chieffo C, Gattone M, Griffo R, Schweiger C, Tavazzi L, Urbinati S, Valagussa F, Vanuzzo D (2008). "Global secondary prevention strategies to limit event recurrence after myocardial infarction: results of the GOSPEL study, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial from the Italian Cardiac Rehabilitation Network". Archives of Internal Medicine. 168 (20): 2194–204. doi:10.1001/archinte.168.20.2194. PMID 19001195. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Witt BJ, Jacobsen SJ, Weston SA, Killian JM, Meverden RA, Allison TG, Reeder GS, Roger VL (2004). "Cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction in the community". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 44 (5): 988–96. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.05.062. PMID 15337208. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Fletcher GF, Balady GJ, Amsterdam EA, Chaitman B, Eckel R, Fleg J, Froelicher VF, Leon AS, Piña IL, Rodney R, Simons-Morton DA, Williams MA, Bazzarre T (2001). "Exercise standards for testing and training: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 104 (14): 1694–740. PMID 11581152. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Thompson PD (2003). "Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 23 (8): 1319–21. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000087143.33998.F2. PMID 12909570. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ Clark AM, Hartling L, Vandermeer B, McAlister FA (2005). "Meta-analysis: secondary prevention programs for patients with coronary artery disease". Annals of Internal Medicine. 143 (9): 659–72. PMID 16263889. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  9. ↑ Thomas RJ, King M, Lui K, Oldridge N, Piña IL, Spertus J, Bonow RO, Estes NA, Goff DC, Grady KL, Hiniker AR, Masoudi FA, Radford MJ, Rumsfeld JS, Whitman GR (2007). "AACVPR/ACC/AHA 2007 performance measures on cardiac rehabilitation for referral to and delivery of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention services endorsed by the American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Physical Therapy Association, Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation, European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, Inter-American Heart Foundation, National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 50 (14): 1400–33. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.033. PMID 17903645. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ Walther C, Möbius-Winkler S, Linke A, Bruegel M, Thiery J, Schuler G, Halbrecht R (2008). "Regular exercise training compared with percutaneous intervention leads to a reduction of inflammatory markers and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease". European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation : Official Journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology. 15 (1): 107–12. doi:10.1097/HJR.0b013e3282f29aa6. PMID 18277195. Retrieved 2011-12-16. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ Smith SC Jr., Benjamin EJ, Bonow RO, et al. AHA/ACCF secondary prevention and risk reduction therapy for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2011 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation, published online before print November 3, 2011, doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e318235eb4d. Accessed November 3, 2011.
  12. ↑ Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report Circulation, 106 (2002), pp. 3143–3421
  13. ↑ A.M. Dattilo, P.M. Kris-Etherton Effects of weight reduction on blood lipids and lipoproteins: a meta-analysis Am J Clin Nutr, 56 (1992), pp. 320–328
  14. ↑ C. Baigent, L. Blackwell, J. Emberson et al. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials Lancet, 376 (2010), pp. 1670–1681
  15. ↑ T.R. Pedersen, O. Faergeman, J.J. Kastelein et al. High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial JAMA, 294 (2005), pp. 2437–2445
  16. ↑ J.C. LaRosa, S.M. Grundy, D.D. Waters et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease N Engl J Med, 352 (2005), pp. 1425–1435
  17. ↑ MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial Lancet, 360 (2002), pp. 7–22
  18. ↑ C. Baigent, L. Blackwell, Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration et al. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials Lancet, 376 (2010), pp. 1670–1681
  19. ↑ C.P. Cannon, E. Braunwald, C.H. McCabe et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes N Engl J Med, 350 (2004), pp. 1495–1504
  20. ↑ C.P. Cannon, B.A. Steinberg, S.A. Murphy et al. Meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes trials comparing intensive versus moderate statin therapy J Am Coll Cardiol, 48 (2006), pp. 438–445
  21. ↑ A.V. Chobanian, G.L. Bakris, H.R. Black et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure Hypertension, 42 (2003), pp. 1206–1252
  22. ↑ S.P. Whelton, A. Chin, X. Xin et al.Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials Ann Intern Med, 136 (2002), pp. 493–503
  23. ↑ L.J. Appel, E.D. Frohlich, J.E. Hall et al. The importance of population-wide sodium reduction as a means to prevent cardiovascular disease and stroke: a call to action from the American Heart Association Circulation, 123 (2011), pp. 1138–1143
  24. ↑ The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) [published corrections appear in JAMA 2003;289:178; JAMA 2004;291:2196] JAMA, 288 (2002), pp. 2981–2997
  25. ↑ C. Duncan, M.J. Stein, S.R. Cummings Staff involvement and special follow-up time increase physicians' counseling about smoking cessation: a controlled trial Am J Public Health, 81 (1991), pp. 899–901
  26. ↑ W. Rosser, I. McDowell, C. Newell Documenting smoking status: trial of three strategies Can Fam Physician, 38 (1992), pp. 1623–1628
  27. ↑ S.R. Cummings, R.J. Richard, C.L. Duncan et al. Training physicians about smoking cessation: a controlled trial in private practice J Gen Intern Med, 4 (1989), pp. 482–489

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