Polymyalgia rheumatica risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Age, female sex, Scandinavia and northern Europe origin are risk factors for polymyalgia rheumatica. Other risk factors include smoking, sun exposure, infections, and nulliparity.
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors of polymyalgia rheumatica include the following:[1][2][3]
- Age
- Female sex
- Scandinavia and northern Europe origin
- Smoking
- Sun exposure
- Infections
- Nulliparity
References
- ↑ Cimmino MA, Zaccaria A (2000). "Epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica". Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 18 (4 Suppl 20): S9–11. PMID 10948749.
- ↑ Pamuk ON, Dönmez S, Karahan B, Pamuk GE, Cakir N (2009). "Giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica in northwestern Turkey: Clinical features and epidemiological data". Clin Exp Rheumatol. 27 (5): 830–3. PMID 19917168.
- ↑ Doran MF, Crowson CS, O'Fallon WM, Hunder GG, Gabriel SE (2002). "Trends in the incidence of polymyalgia rheumatica over a 30 year period in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA". J Rheumatol. 29 (8): 1694–7. PMID 12180732.