This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that belongs to a highly conserved subfamily of WD-repeat proteins. It is present in protein complexes involved in histone acetylation and chromatin assembly. It is part of the Mi-2/NuRD complex that has been implicated in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional repression associated with histone deacetylation. This encoded protein is also part of corepressor complexes, which is an integral component of transcriptional silencing. It is found among several cellular proteins that bind directly to retinoblastoma protein to regulate cell proliferation. This protein also seems to be involved in transcriptional repression of E2F-responsive genes.[3]
Clinical significance
A decrease of RbAp48 in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in the brain is suspected to be a main cause of memory loss in normal aging.[4] An age related decrease in RbAp48 is observed in the DG from human post-mortem tissue and also in mice. Furthermore, a gene knockin of a dominant negative form of RbAp48 of causes memory deficits in young mice similar to that observed in older mice. Finally lentiviral gene transfer to increase the expression of RbAp48 in the brain reverses memory deficits in older mice.[4]
RBBP4 works at least in part through the PKA-CREB1-CPB pathway.[4] Hence one possible therapeutic approach to restore age-related memory loss is the use of PKA-CREB1-CPB pathway stimulating drugs. It has previously been shown that dopamine D1/D5 agonists such as 6-Br-APB and SKF-38,393 that are positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and the cAMP phosphodieserase inhibitor rolipram reduce memory defects in aged mice.[5]
↑Qian YW, Wang YC, Hollingsworth RE Jr, Jones D, Ling N, Lee EY (September 1993). "A retinoblastoma-binding protein related to a negative regulator of Ras in yeast". Nature. 364 (6438): 648–52. doi:10.1038/364648a0. PMID8350924.
↑ 9.09.1Zhang Y, Dufau ML (2003). "Dual mechanisms of regulation of transcription of luteinizing hormone receptor gene by nuclear orphan receptors and histone deacetylase complexes". J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 85 (2–5): 401–14. doi:10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00230-9. PMID12943729.
↑ 10.010.1Yao YL, Yang WM (2003). "The metastasis-associated proteins 1 and 2 form distinct protein complexes with histone deacetylase activity". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (43): 42560–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302955200. PMID12920132.
↑ 14.014.1Hassig CA, Fleischer TC, Billin AN, Schreiber SL, Ayer DE (1997). "Histone deacetylase activity is required for full transcriptional repression by mSin3A". Cell. 89 (3): 341–7. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80214-7. PMID9150133.
↑Ng HH, Zhang Y, Hendrich B, Johnson CA, Turner BM, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Reinberg D, Bird A (1999). "MBD2 is a transcriptional repressor belonging to the MeCP1 histone deacetylase complex". Nat. Genet. 23 (1): 58–61. doi:10.1038/12659. PMID10471499.
↑ 17.017.1Zhang Y, Dufau ML (2002). "Silencing of transcription of the human luteinizing hormone receptor gene by histone deacetylase-mSin3A complex". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (36): 33431–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204417200. PMID12091390.
↑Zhang Y, Iratni R, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Reinberg D (1997). "Histone deacetylases and SAP18, a novel polypeptide, are components of a human Sin3 complex". Cell. 89 (3): 357–64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80216-0. PMID9150135.
↑Hakimi MA, Dong Y, Lane WS, Speicher DW, Shiekhattar R (2003). "A candidate X-linked mental retardation gene is a component of a new family of histone deacetylase-containing complexes". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7234–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208992200. PMID12493763.
↑Tong JK, Hassig CA, Schnitzler GR, Kingston RE, Schreiber SL (1998). "Chromatin deacetylation by an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling complex". Nature. 395 (6705): 917–21. doi:10.1038/27699. PMID9804427.
↑Qian YW, Lee EY (1995). "Dual retinoblastoma-binding proteins with properties related to a negative regulator of ras in yeast". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (43): 25507–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.43.25507. PMID7503932.
↑Nicolas E, Morales V, Magnaghi-Jaulin L, Harel-Bellan A, Richard-Foy H, Trouche D (2000). "RbAp48 belongs to the histone deacetylase complex that associates with the retinoblastoma protein". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (13): 9797–804. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.13.9797. PMID10734134.
↑ 24.024.1Zhang Y, Sun ZW, Iratni R, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Hampsey M, Reinberg D (1998). "SAP30, a novel protein conserved between human and yeast, is a component of a histone deacetylase complex". Mol. Cell. 1 (7): 1021–31. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80102-1. PMID9651585.
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Qian YW, Lee EY (1995). "Dual retinoblastoma-binding proteins with properties related to a negative regulator of ras in yeast". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (43): 25507–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.43.25507. PMID7503932.
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Taunton J, Hassig CA, Schreiber SL (1996). "A mammalian histone deacetylase related to the yeast transcriptional regulator Rpd3p". Science. 272 (5260): 408–11. doi:10.1126/science.272.5260.408. PMID8602529.
Tong JK, Hassig CA, Schnitzler GR, et al. (1998). "Chromatin deacetylation by an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling complex". Nature. 395 (6705): 917–21. doi:10.1038/27699. PMID9804427.
Verreault A, Kaufman PD, Kobayashi R, Stillman B (1998). "Nucleosomal DNA regulates the core-histone-binding subunit of the human Hat1 acetyltransferase". Curr. Biol. 8 (2): 96–108. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70040-5. PMID9427644.
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Zhang Y, Iratni R, Erdjument-Bromage H, et al. (1997). "Histone deacetylases and SAP18, a novel polypeptide, are components of a human Sin3 complex". Cell. 89 (3): 357–64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80216-0. PMID9150135.
Zhang Y, Sun ZW, Iratni R, et al. (1998). "SAP30, a novel protein conserved between human and yeast, is a component of a histone deacetylase complex". Mol. Cell. 1 (7): 1021–31. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80102-1. PMID9651585.
Zhang Y, LeRoy G, Seelig HP, et al. (1998). "The dermatomyositis-specific autoantigen Mi2 is a component of a complex containing histone deacetylase and nucleosome remodeling activities". Cell. 95 (2): 279–89. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81758-4. PMID9790534.
Zhang Y, Dufau ML (2003). "Dual mechanisms of regulation of transcription of luteinizing hormone receptor gene by nuclear orphan receptors and histone deacetylase complexes". J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 85 (2–5): 401–14. doi:10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00230-9. PMID12943729.