Rectal prolapse natural history, complications and prognosis
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Rectal prolapse Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
- Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed rectum is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments may be associated.
- Common complications of rectal prolapse include fecal incontinence, constipation and rectal incarceration or even strangulation.
- All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.
Natural History
Allowing rectal prolapse to continue untreated beyond 4 years may lead to higher rates of subsequent rectal prolapse recurrence, secondary to a weakened pelvic floor. [1] In addition, Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed rectum is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments (bladder stones or urethral stricture) may be associated.[2]
Complications
Common complications of rectal prolapse include:[1][3][4]
- Fecal incontinence (50-75%)
- Constipation (25-50%)
- Rectal incarceration or even strangulation
Prognosis
All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR (2017). "Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse". Dis. Colon Rectum. 60 (11): 1121–1131. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889. PMID 28991074.
- ↑ Shin EJ (2011). "Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse". J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 27 (1): 5–12. doi:10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5. PMC 3053504. PMID 21431090.
- ↑ Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE (2014). "Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies". J. Gastrointest. Surg. 18 (5): 1059–69. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7. PMID 24352613.
- ↑ Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ (2011). "Rectal prolapse". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 24 (1): 39–45. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272822. PMC 3140332. PMID 22379404.
- ↑ Weber AM, Richter HE (2005). "Pelvic organ prolapse". Obstet Gynecol. 106 (3): 615–34. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000175832.13266.bb. PMID 16135597.