Small intestine cancer medical therapy
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qurrat-ul-ain Abid, M.D.[2], Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]
Overview
Best treatment for cure small intestine cancer is surgical resection with combination of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. If tumor is not curable palliative surgery may be done. Chemotherapy is used to reduce the likelihood of metastasis, shrink tumor size, and slow tumor growth. Chemotherapy is often applied after surgery (adjuvant), before surgery (neo-adjuvant), or as primary therapy if surgery is not indicated (palliative). Other therapies include radiation and support therapies.
Treatment Strategy
- The treatment of small intestine cancer is clinically challenging due to its delayed diagnosis.[1]
- Main stay of the treatment is surgery for these tumors.[2].
- Patients with small intestine cancer have several treatment options.
- The selection depends on the the size and location of the tumor, metastasis, and comorbidities.
- The options are:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Combination of methods and palliative treatment
- The capecitabine and oxaliplatin are found effective in some studies.[2]
- Side effect profile varies with each individual as well as each treatment session.
Chemotherapy
- The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.
- Some general chemotherapy drugs used include: 5-fluorouracil (5FU), leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan.
- Role of adjuvant chemotherapy for small intestinal cancer is not established yet.[3]
- When curative resection is not possible, palliative surgery and chemotherapy are next options.[4]
Radiation therapy
- Radiotherapy is used as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of small intestinal cancer.
- This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.
References
- ↑ Tang L, Huang LY, Cui J, Wu CR (June 2018). "Effect of Double-Balloon Enteroscopy on Diagnosis and Treatment of Small-Bowel Diseases". Chin. Med. J. 131 (11): 1321–1326. doi:10.4103/0366-6999.232802. PMC 5987504. PMID 29786046.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ogata Y, Yamaguchi K, Sasatomi T, Uchida S, Akagi Y, Shirouzu K (August 2010). "[Treatment and outcome in small bowel cancer]". Gan To Kagaku Ryoho (in Japanese). 37 (8): 1454–7. PMID 20716869.
- ↑ Overman MJ, Kopetz S, Lin E, Abbruzzese JL, Wolff RA (May 2010). "Is there a role for adjuvant therapy in resected adenocarcinoma of the small intestine". Acta Oncol. 49 (4): 474–9. doi:10.3109/02841860903490051. PMID 20397775.
- ↑ Higashi D, Ishibashi Y, Tamura T, Nii K, Egawa Y, Koga M, Tomiyasu T, Harimura T, Tanaka R, Futatsuki R, Noda S, Futami K, Maekawa T, Takaki Y, Hirai F, Matsui T (August 2010). "Clinical features of and chemotherapy for cancer of the small intestine". Anticancer Res. 30 (8): 3193–7. PMID 20871040.