Small intestine cancer physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qurrat-ul-ain Abid, M.D.[2]
Overview
Generally, the most common signs of small intestinal cancer are emaciation, lethargy, abdominal tenderness, abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, ascites, icterus, enlarged lymph nodes and pallor. Other signs include low-grade fever, discomfort on palpation, rectal bleeding, abdominal mass, and jaundice.
Physical Examination
- Clinical features of small intestinal tumors have not been clearly studied, as its a rare condition.[1]
- Advanced stage tumors present with signs of intestinal obstructions.
- Common physical exam findings include abdominal tenderness, abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, ascites, icterus, or enlarged lymph nodes.
- Symptoms related to obstruction appear when tumor is at advanced stage as, contents of small intestine are mostly fluid.
Appearance of the Patient:
Vital Signs:
- Tachycardia due to anemia
Skin:
HEENT:
- May be normal
- May show icterus in case of liver involvement
- Lymphadenopathy may be positive
Neck:
- May be normal on examination
- May show lymphadenopathy in case of distant metastasis
Lungs:
- Lungs may be normal on auscultation
Heart:
- Heart sounds may be normal
- In case of distant involvement there may be findings on auscultation
Abdomen:
- On palpation abdomen may show tenderness, mass, ascities, and hepatomegaly
Back:
- Physical examination of back is usually normal in patients with small intestine cancer
Genitourinary:
Abdomen:
- Abdomen may show signs of obstruction and mass
Neuromuscular:
- Depending on the stage of the disease may be normal or agitated
Extremities:
- Extremities may show mass loss and emaciation in late stage
References
- ↑ Higashi D, Ishibashi Y, Tamura T, Nii K, Egawa Y, Koga M, Tomiyasu T, Harimura T, Tanaka R, Futatsuki R, Noda S, Futami K, Maekawa T, Takaki Y, Hirai F, Matsui T (August 2010). "Clinical features of and chemotherapy for cancer of the small intestine". Anticancer Res. 30 (8): 3193–7. PMID 20871040.