Uveitis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2]; M Chadi Alraies M.D., MPH [3]
Overview
Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons. The prevalence among different subtypes of uveitis varies greatly. Anterior, chronic, non-granulomatous and non-infectious subtypes are more commonly seen than others. The worldwide incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 persons per year. The age, sex, and race distribution is also dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.[1][2][3]
Epidemiology
Worldwide incidence and prevalence of uveitis has been well studied. The epidemiologic data varies greatly by underlying etiology or classification of uveitis.
Prevalence
Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons.[1][2][3]
Prevalence by Subtype
Several studies have reported prevalence data among a large group of uveitis patients, as follows:
- By anatomy
- 52-90% have anterior uveitis
- 5-21% have posterior uveitis
- 1-16% have panuveitis
- 1-12% have intermediate uveitis
- By clinical features
- 58% have chronic uveitis
- 78% have non-granulomatous inflammation
- 83% have a non-infectious etiology
Incidence
Worldwide, the incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 per year.[1][2][3]
Demographics
The age, sex, and race distribution of uveitis is dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.
Age
The mean age of diagnosis of uveitis is 37 years. The prevalence among age groups varies greatly depending on the underlying etiology. The following is an example of age distribution by underlying etiology:[3][4][5][6][7]
- Children: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, toxocariasis
- Young adults: Behçet's disease, HLA-B27 antigen associated uveitis, Fuch's uveitis
- Older adults: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and tuberculosis
Gender
Women are more commonly affected with uveitis than men. The overall female to male ratio is approximately 1.4 to 1. The prevalence of uveitis among one of the sexes depends on the gender distribution of the underlying disorder.[3]
Race
The prevalence of different etiologies of uveitis vary by race. Caucasians are more affected by HLA-B27 related conditions making HLA-related uveitis highly prevalent in this race group. Alternatively, middle eastern people are more likely affected with Behcet's disease, making them more likely to have uveitis related to this disease. African Americans are more commonly affected by sarcoidosis, thus sarcoid related uveitis is more common in this group.[4][5][6][7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Guly CM, Forrester JV (2010). "Investigation and management of uveitis". BMJ. 341: c4976. doi:10.1136/bmj.c4976. PMID 20943722.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ (2007). "Acute anterior uveitis in primary care". Clin Exp Optom. 90 (2): 70–82. doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x. PMID 17311570.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ; et al. (1996). "Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center". Arch Ophthalmol. 114 (5): 593–9. PMID 8619771.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1