Uveitis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2]
Overview
A history of cigarette smoking is associated with all etiologies and subtypes of uveitis.[1] Some underlying causes have specific potent risk factors for developing uveitis such as seronegative spondyloarthropathies, immunosuppression, sarcoidosis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.[2]
Risk Factors
A history of smoking is associated with all etiologies and subtypes of uveitis.[1] Some underlying causes may have potent risk factors for developing uveitis such as:[2]
- Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy: HLA-B27 or HLA-DR2 alleles, preceding viral illness, underlying vasculitis
- CMV retinitis: HIV, CD4 count <50, severe immunosuppression, localized ocular immunosuppression
- Necrotizing herpitic retinitis: Immunosuppression
- Punctuate inner choroidopathy: Myopia in females, age 18 to 40
- Sarcoid uveitis: African American race, age<50
- Autoimmune scleritis: Female gender, age 40-60 years
- Sympathetic ophthalmia: Ocular trauma with delayed closing of the wound
- Acute anterior uveitis: HLA-B27 allele, ankylosing spondylitis, psoraitic arthritis
- TINU syndrome: Female gender
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome: Hispanic or Japanese race, HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR4 alleles
- Drug-induced uveitis: Use of rifabutin, cidofovir, bisphosphonates, sulfonamides, moxifloxacin, metipranolol, brimonidine, prostaglandin analogues, or flurbiprofen
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lin P, Loh AR, Margolis TP, Acharya NR (2010). "Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for uveitis". Ophthalmology. 117 (3): 585–90. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.08.011. PMC 2830339. PMID 20036011.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 American Academy of Ophthalmology EyeWiki (2015-2016)http://eyewiki.aao.org/Category:Uveitis