Viral gastroenteritis pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]},Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pathology
Norovirus
Norovirus is usually transmitted via the fecal oral route. Other rare transmission routes include:
- Airborne droplets from aerosolized vomits on surfaces or objects that may be put in the mouth and person swallow , fomites (contaminated surfaces, objects, or substances) and transfer via contaminated foods and water. Although, presymptomatic viral shedding may occur, shedding usually begins with onset of symptoms and may continue for 2 weeks after recovery.
The highest risk of transmission is during the peak of symptoms, and during the first 3 days of the recovery phase. Noroviruses are highly contagious and as few as 10 viral particles may be sufficient to infect an individual.