Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Aelsaiey (talk | contribs)
nocaptcha, smwadministrator, Administrators
4,616 edits
Anmol Pitliya (talk | contribs)
Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, nocaptcha, Administrators, Widget editors
9,217 edits
 
(3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 10: Line 10:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Disease
! style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Disease}}
!Prominent clinical features
! style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Prominent clinical features}}
!Radiological findings
! style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Radiological findings}}
|-
|-
|Cretinism (Congenital hypothyroidism)
| style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Cretinism (Congenital hypothyroidism)
|
|
*Most infants are born [[asymptomatic]].<ref name="pmid2295961">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Elementary school performance of children with congenital hypothyroidism. New England Congenital Hypothyroidism Collaborative |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=27–32 |year=1990 |pmid=2295961 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Most infants are born [[asymptomatic]].<ref name="pmid2295961">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Elementary school performance of children with congenital hypothyroidism. New England Congenital Hypothyroidism Collaborative |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=27–32 |year=1990 |pmid=2295961 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Symptoms, if present, may include, but not limited to:
*Symptoms, if present, may include, but not limited to:
**[[Macroglossia]]
**[[Macroglossia]]
**Hoarse cry
**[[Hoarse]] cry
**[[Umbilical hernia]]
**[[Umbilical hernia]]
**Puffy facies
**Puffy facies
Line 27: Line 27:
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Meconium plug syndrome]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |[[Meconium plug syndrome]]
|
|
* Transient [[intestinal obstruction]] for 1-2 days after birth.
* Transient [[intestinal obstruction]] for 1-2 days after birth.
* Obstruction is functional due to dilated colon and delayed passage of feces.
* Obstruction is functional due to dilated colon and delayed passage of [[feces]].
* Usually seen in [[premature infants]].<ref name="pmid18485962">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keckler SJ, St Peter SD, Spilde TL, Tsao K, Ostlie DJ, Holcomb GW, Snyder CL |title=Current significance of meconium plug syndrome |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=896–8 |year=2008 |pmid=18485962 |pmc=3086204 |doi=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.12.035 |url=}}</ref>
* Usually seen in [[premature infants]].<ref name="pmid18485962">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keckler SJ, St Peter SD, Spilde TL, Tsao K, Ostlie DJ, Holcomb GW, Snyder CL |title=Current significance of meconium plug syndrome |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=896–8 |year=2008 |pmid=18485962 |pmc=3086204 |doi=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.12.035 |url=}}</ref>


|[[Image:Meconium-plug-syndrome - Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID 11606.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Abdominal x-ray with contrast showing inspissated meconium in the intestine, proximal to the colon - Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID 11606]]
|[[Image:Meconium-plug-syndrome - Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID 11606.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Abdominal x-ray with contrast showing inspissated meconium in the intestine, proximal to the colon - Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID 11606]]
|-
|-
|[[Small left colon syndrome]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |[[Small left colon syndrome]]
|
|
* Reduced caliber of the [[colon]] starting from [[splenic flexure]] and going down, causing [[intestinal obstruction]].
* Reduced caliber of the [[colon]] starting from [[splenic flexure]] and going down, causing [[intestinal obstruction]].
* Characterized by a sudden change of the colon diameter.
* Characterized by a sudden change of the [[colon]] diameter.
* Usually associated with [[gestational diabetes]].<ref name="pmid910057">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berdon WE, Slovis TL, Campbell JB, Baker DH, Haller JO |title=Neonatal small left colon syndrome: its relationship with aganglionosis and meconium plug syndrome |journal=Radiology |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=457–62 |year=1977 |pmid=910057 |doi=10.1148/125.2.457 |url=}}</ref>
* Usually associated with [[gestational diabetes]].<ref name="pmid910057">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berdon WE, Slovis TL, Campbell JB, Baker DH, Haller JO |title=Neonatal small left colon syndrome: its relationship with aganglionosis and meconium plug syndrome |journal=Radiology |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=457–62 |year=1977 |pmid=910057 |doi=10.1148/125.2.457 |url=}}</ref>


|[[Image:Small-left-colon-syndrome-1 - Case courtesy of Dr Eric F Greif, Radiopaedia.org, rID 30024.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Abdominal x-ray with contrast, shows decreased caliber of the descending and sigmoid colon, loss of haustration along with filling defects corresponding to retained feces - Case courtesy of Dr Eric F Greif, Radiopaedia.org, rID 30024]]
|[[Image:Small-left-colon-syndrome-1 - Case courtesy of Dr Eric F Greif, Radiopaedia.org, rID 30024.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Abdominal x-ray with contrast, shows decreased caliber of the descending and sigmoid colon, loss of haustration along with filling defects corresponding to retained feces - Case courtesy of Dr Eric F Greif, Radiopaedia.org, rID 30024]]
|-
|-
|[[Intestinal atresia|Distal small intestine/colon atresia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |[[Intestinal atresia|Distal small intestine/colon atresia]]
|
|
* Failure to pass [[meconium]] due to failure of intestine recanalization.
* Failure to pass [[meconium]] due to failure of [[intestine]] recanalization.
* Proximal [[lesions]] have an earlier onset of symptoms than distal [[lesions]].
* Proximal [[lesions]] have an earlier onset of symptoms than distal [[lesions]].
* [[Intestinal atresia|Colonic atresia]] may affect normal children or may be associated with other abnormalities as Hirschsprung's disease or [[gastroschisis]].<ref name="pmid17077911">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spitz L |title=Observations on the origin of congenital intestinal atresia |journal=S. Afr. Med. J. |volume=96 |issue=9 Pt 2 |pages=864 |year=2006 |pmid=17077911 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Intestinal atresia|Colonic atresia]] may affect normal children or may be associated with other abnormalities as [[Hirschsprung's disease]] or [[gastroschisis]].<ref name="pmid17077911">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spitz L |title=Observations on the origin of congenital intestinal atresia |journal=S. Afr. Med. J. |volume=96 |issue=9 Pt 2 |pages=864 |year=2006 |pmid=17077911 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


|[[Image:Small-bowel-atresia - Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID 5959.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Normal appearing colon that is small and unused. Contrast fills the whole colon and passes to the ileum - Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID 5959]]
|[[Image:Small-bowel-atresia - Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID 5959.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Normal appearing colon that is small and unused. Contrast fills the whole colon and passes to the ileum - Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID 5959]]
|-
|-
|[[Meconium ileus]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |[[Meconium ileus]]
|
|
* [[Intestinal obstruction]] due to inspissation of [[meconium]] in the [[Ileum|distal ileum]].
* [[Intestinal obstruction]] due to [[inspissation]] of [[meconium]] in the [[Ileum|distal ileum]].
* Most cases of [[meconium ileus]] are secondary to [[cystic fibrosis]].
* Most cases of [[meconium ileus]] are secondary to [[cystic fibrosis]].
* Typically presents with failure to pass [[meconium]] and [[abdominal distension]] with or without [[vomiting]].
* Typically presents with failure to pass [[meconium]] and [[abdominal distension]] with or without [[vomiting]].
Line 66: Line 66:
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
​​[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]​
[[Category:Pediatrics]]

Latest revision as of 14:35, 30 October 2017

Cretinism Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cretinism from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases

CDC on Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases

Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases in the news

Blogs on Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cretinism

Risk calculators and risk factors for Differentiating Cretinism from other diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Cretinism must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a failure to pass meconium or abdominal distension in infants, including meconium plug syndrome, small left colon syndrome, and Hirschsprung's disease.

Differentiating cretinism from other Diseases

Cretinism must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a failure to pass meconium or abdominal distension in infants, including meconium plug syndrome, small left colon syndrome, and Hirschsprung's disease.

Disease Prominent clinical features Radiological findings
Cretinism (Congenital hypothyroidism)
Meconium plug syndrome
Abdominal x-ray with contrast showing inspissated meconium in the intestine, proximal to the colon - Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID 11606
Small left colon syndrome
Abdominal x-ray with contrast, shows decreased caliber of the descending and sigmoid colon, loss of haustration along with filling defects corresponding to retained feces - Case courtesy of Dr Eric F Greif, Radiopaedia.org, rID 30024
Distal small intestine/colon atresia
Normal appearing colon that is small and unused. Contrast fills the whole colon and passes to the ileum - Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID 5959
Meconium ileus
Contrast enema shows inspissated meconium starting from the mid-sigmoid colon and going up till the splenic flexure. The colon is normal in diameter, ruling out microcolon - Case courtesy of Dr Michael Sargent, Radiopaedia.org, rID 6009

References

  1. ↑ "Elementary school performance of children with congenital hypothyroidism. New England Congenital Hypothyroidism Collaborative". J. Pediatr. 116 (1): 27–32. 1990. PMID 2295961.
  2. ↑ Keckler SJ, St Peter SD, Spilde TL, Tsao K, Ostlie DJ, Holcomb GW, Snyder CL (2008). "Current significance of meconium plug syndrome". J. Pediatr. Surg. 43 (5): 896–8. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.12.035. PMC 3086204. PMID 18485962.
  3. ↑ Berdon WE, Slovis TL, Campbell JB, Baker DH, Haller JO (1977). "Neonatal small left colon syndrome: its relationship with aganglionosis and meconium plug syndrome". Radiology. 125 (2): 457–62. doi:10.1148/125.2.457. PMID 910057.
  4. ↑ Spitz L (2006). "Observations on the origin of congenital intestinal atresia". S. Afr. Med. J. 96 (9 Pt 2): 864. PMID 17077911.
  5. ↑ HOLSCLAW DS, ECKSTEIN HB, NIXON HH (1965). "MECONIUM ILEUS. A 20-YEAR REVIEW OF 109 CASES". Am. J. Dis. Child. 109: 101–13. PMID 14237408.

Template:WS Template:WH ​​​

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Differentiating_Cretinism_from_other_diseases&oldid=1381405"