Rectal prolapse physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients with rectal prolapse usually have rectal mass, skin excoriation or irritation of anus in physical examination. | Patients with rectal prolapse usually have rectal mass, skin [[excoriation]] or [[irritation]] of anus in physical examination. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
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=== Appearance of the Patient: === | === Appearance of the Patient: === | ||
* Patients with | * Patients with rectal prolapse usually appear good | ||
=== Vital Signs: === | === Vital Signs: === | ||
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The following findings may be found on pelvic examination of a patient with rectal prolapse:<ref name="pmid29050194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Patcharatrakul T, Rao SSC |title=Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders |journal=Gut Liver |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29050194 |doi=10.5009/gnl17172 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24352613">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE |title=Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies |journal=J. Gastrointest. Surg. |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=1059–69 |year=2014 |pmid=24352613 |doi=10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22379404">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ |title=Rectal prolapse |journal=Clin Colon Rectal Surg |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=39–45 |year=2011 |pmid=22379404 |pmc=3140332 |doi=10.1055/s-0031-1272822 |url=}}</ref> | The following findings may be found on pelvic examination of a patient with rectal prolapse:<ref name="pmid29050194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Patcharatrakul T, Rao SSC |title=Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders |journal=Gut Liver |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29050194 |doi=10.5009/gnl17172 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24352613">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE |title=Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies |journal=J. Gastrointest. Surg. |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=1059–69 |year=2014 |pmid=24352613 |doi=10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22379404">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ |title=Rectal prolapse |journal=Clin Colon Rectal Surg |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=39–45 |year=2011 |pmid=22379404 |pmc=3140332 |doi=10.1055/s-0031-1272822 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Large rectal mass or bulge (generally not tender to palpation) that may or may not spontaneously reduce at the completion of a bowel movement or straining | * Large rectal mass or bulge (generally not tender to palpation) that may or may not spontaneously reduce at the completion of a bowel movement or straining | ||
* Skin excoriation or irritation of anus | * Skin excoriation or [[irritation]] of [[anus]] | ||
* Patulous anus | * Patulous [[anus]] | ||
=== Genitourinary: === | === Genitourinary: === | ||
Latest revision as of 17:36, 16 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Patients with rectal prolapse usually have rectal mass, skin excoriation or irritation of anus in physical examination.
Physical Examination
Rectal prolapse can be diagnosed in outpatient clinics by history taking and inspection of the protruded rectum.[1]
Appearance of the Patient:
- Patients with rectal prolapse usually appear good
Vital Signs:
- Normal vital signs
Skin:
- Skin examination: Normal
HEENT:
- HEENT examination: Normal
Lungs:
- Pulmonary examination: Normal
Heart:
- Cardiovascular examination: Normal
Abdomen:
- Abdominal examination: Normal
Pelvic:
The following findings may be found on pelvic examination of a patient with rectal prolapse:[2][3][4]
- Large rectal mass or bulge (generally not tender to palpation) that may or may not spontaneously reduce at the completion of a bowel movement or straining
- Skin excoriation or irritation of anus
- Patulous anus
Genitourinary:
- Genitourinary examination of patients with rectal prolapse is usually normal
References
- ↑ Shin EJ (2011). "Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse". J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 27 (1): 5–12. doi:10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5. PMC 3053504. PMID 21431090.
- ↑ Patcharatrakul T, Rao S (2017). "Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders". Gut Liver. doi:10.5009/gnl17172. PMID 29050194. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
- ↑ Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE (2014). "Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies". J. Gastrointest. Surg. 18 (5): 1059–69. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7. PMID 24352613.
- ↑ Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ (2011). "Rectal prolapse". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 24 (1): 39–45. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272822. PMC 3140332. PMID 22379404.