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{{Hypersensitivity pneumonitis}}
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==Overview==  
 
According to duration of illness, the clinical presentation of Hypersentivity Pneumonitis is categorized as [[Acute (medicine)|acute]], [[subacute]], or [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]].  
== Overview ==
The clinical presentation of HP is categorized as acute, subacute, or chronic, according to duration of illness.
 
====Acute HP====
 
*Symptoms develop 4-6 hours following exposure to the inciting agent and then generally resolve spontaneously within 12 hours to several days upon removal of the inciting agent.
* Symptoms include the abrupt development of
**[[fever]]
**chills
**malaise
**[[cough]]
**[[chest tightness]]
**[[dyspnea]]
**[[headache]]
** malaise.
 
====Subacute or Iintermittent HP====
 
*Symptoms include the gradual development of
**productive [[cough]]
**[[dyspnea]]
**[[fatigue]]
**[[anorexia]]
**[[weight loss]]
 
* The same symptoms may be present in patients who experience acute attacks on multiple occasions.
 
Patients with subacute HP present similarly to patients with acute disease, but symptoms are less severe and last longer.
 
====Chronic HP====
 
Patients often lack a history of acute episodes.
 
They have an insidious onset of [[cough]], progressive [[dyspnea]], fatigue, and [[weight loss]].
 
Removing exposure results in only partial improvement.
 


==History and Symptoms==
Patients with HP present with positive history based on the [[Acute (medicine)|acute]], [[subacute]], or [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]] status:
* '''Acute HP'''<ref name="pmid15316436">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agostini C, Trentin L, Facco M, Semenzato G |title=New aspects of hypersensitivity pneumonitis |journal=Curr Opin Pulm Med |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=378–82 |date=September 2004 |pmid=15316436 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Flulike syndrome
*** [[Fever]], [[malaise]], chills, [[dyspnea]] , [[headache]] , chest tightness, and [[cough]].
** Significantly exposure leads to development of HP within hours.
** Symptoms gradually resolve after removal of exposure.
** Re-exposure leads to recurrence of symptoms.
* '''Subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis'''<ref name="pmid4607028">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schlueter DP |title=Response of the lung to inhaled antigens |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=476–92 |date=September 1974 |pmid=4607028 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Insidious in onset.
** Symptoms present over weeks to months.
** Symptoms include [[dyspnea]], [[cough]], and [[fatigue]].
** Patients may present with [[anorexia]] and weight loss.
* '''Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis'''
** Insidious in onset.
** Patients may be undiagnosed with untreated subacute disease.
** Patients may present with [[cough]], [[malaise]], [[dyspnea]], and weight loss.
** Removing exposure results in only partial improvement.<ref name="pmid26344611">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsutsui T, Miyazaki Y, Okamoto T, Tateishi T, Furusawa H, Tsuchiya K, Fujie T, Tamaoka M, Sakashita H, Sumi Y, Inase N |title=Antigen avoidance tests for diagnosis of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis |journal=Respir Investig |volume=53 |issue=5 |pages=217–24 |date=September 2015 |pmid=26344611 |doi=10.1016/j.resinv.2015.04.003 |url=}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 17:02, 25 February 2018

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sargun Singh Walia M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

According to duration of illness, the clinical presentation of Hypersentivity Pneumonitis is categorized as acute, subacute, or chronic.

History and Symptoms

Patients with HP present with positive history based on the acute, subacute, or chronic status:

  • Acute HP[1]
    • Flulike syndrome
    • Significantly exposure leads to development of HP within hours.
    • Symptoms gradually resolve after removal of exposure.
    • Re-exposure leads to recurrence of symptoms.
  • Subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis[2]
    • Insidious in onset.
    • Symptoms present over weeks to months.
    • Symptoms include dyspnea, cough, and fatigue.
    • Patients may present with anorexia and weight loss.
  • Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
    • Insidious in onset.
    • Patients may be undiagnosed with untreated subacute disease.
    • Patients may present with cough, malaise, dyspnea, and weight loss.
    • Removing exposure results in only partial improvement.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Agostini C, Trentin L, Facco M, Semenzato G (September 2004). "New aspects of hypersensitivity pneumonitis". Curr Opin Pulm Med. 10 (5): 378–82. PMID 15316436.
  2. ↑ Schlueter DP (September 1974). "Response of the lung to inhaled antigens". Am. J. Med. 57 (3): 476–92. PMID 4607028.
  3. ↑ Tsutsui T, Miyazaki Y, Okamoto T, Tateishi T, Furusawa H, Tsuchiya K, Fujie T, Tamaoka M, Sakashita H, Sumi Y, Inase N (September 2015). "Antigen avoidance tests for diagnosis of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis". Respir Investig. 53 (5): 217–24. doi:10.1016/j.resinv.2015.04.003. PMID 26344611.

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