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__NOTOC__
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{{Uveitis}}
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== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from a low of 69 per 100,000 persons to a high of 204 per 100,000 persons. The prevalence among different subtypes of uveitis varies greatly. Anterior, chronic, non-granulomatous and non-infectious subtypes are more commonly seen than others. The worldwide incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 persons per year. The age, sex, and race distribution is also dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.<ref name="pmid20943722">{{cite journal| author=Guly CM, Forrester JV| title=Investigation and management of uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2010 | volume= 341 | issue=  | pages= c4976 | pmid=20943722 | doi=10.1136/bmj.c4976 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20943722  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref>
Worldwide, the [[prevalence]] of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons. The [[prevalence]] among different subtypes of uveitis varies greatly. [[Anterior]], [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]], non-[[granulomatous]] and non-[[infectious]] subtypes are more commonly seen than others. The worldwide [[incidence]] of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 persons per year. The age, sex, and race distribution is also dictated by the [[prevalence]] of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.<ref name="pmid20943722">{{cite journal| author=Guly CM, Forrester JV| title=Investigation and management of uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2010 | volume= 341 | issue=  | pages= c4976 | pmid=20943722 | doi=10.1136/bmj.c4976 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20943722  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref>
== Epidemiology ==
== Epidemiology ==
Worldwide incidence and prevalence of uveitis has been well studied. The epidemiologic data varies greatly by underlying etiology or classification of uveitis.  
Worldwide [[incidence]] and [[prevalence]] of uveitis has been well studied. The [[epidemiologic]] data varies greatly by underlying [[etiology]] or classification of uveitis.  
===Prevalence===
===Prevalence===
Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from a low of 69 per 100,000 persons to a high of 204 per 100,000 persons.<ref name="pmid20943722">{{cite journal| author=Guly CM, Forrester JV| title=Investigation and management of uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2010 | volume= 341 | issue=  | pages= c4976 | pmid=20943722 | doi=10.1136/bmj.c4976 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20943722  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref>
Worldwide, the [[prevalence]] of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons.<ref name="pmid20943722">{{cite journal| author=Guly CM, Forrester JV| title=Investigation and management of uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2010 | volume= 341 | issue=  | pages= c4976 | pmid=20943722 | doi=10.1136/bmj.c4976 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20943722  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref>
====Prevalence by Subtype====
====Prevalence by Subtype====
Several studies have reported prevalence data among a large group of uveitis patients, as follows:<br>
Several studies have reported [[prevalence]] data among a large group of uveitis patients, as follows:<br>
* '''By Anatomy'''
* '''By anatomy'''
** 52-90% have anterior uveitis
** 52-90% have [[anterior]] uveitis
** 5-21% have posterior uveitis
** 5-21% have [[posterior]] uveitis
** 1-16% have panuveitis
** 1-16% have panuveitis
** 1-12% have intermediate uveitis
** 1-12% have [[intermediate uveitis]]
* '''By clinical features'''
* '''By clinical features'''
** 58% had chronic uveitis
** 58% have [[chronic]] uveitis
** 78% had non-granulomatous inflammation
** 78% have non-[[granulomatous]] [[inflammation]]
** 83% had a non-infectious etiology
** 83% have a non-[[infectious]] [[etiology]]


=== Incidence ===
=== Incidence ===
Worldwide, the incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 per year.
Worldwide, the [[incidence]] of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 per year.<ref name="pmid20943722">{{cite journal| author=Guly CM, Forrester JV| title=Investigation and management of uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2010 | volume= 341 | issue=  | pages= c4976 | pmid=20943722 | doi=10.1136/bmj.c4976 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20943722  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref>


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
The age, sex, and race distribution is dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause of uveitis within those demographic groups.
The age, sex, and race distribution of uveitis is dictated by the [[prevalence]] of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.
=== Age ===
=== Age ===
The mean age of diagnosis of uveitis is 37 years. The prevalence among age groups varies greatly depending on the underlying etiology. The following is an example of age distribution by underlying etiology:<ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref><ref name=agrawal>Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.</ref><ref name=guly>Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976</ref><ref name=gutteridge>Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.</ref><ref name=patientinfouveitis>Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1</ref><br>
The mean age of diagnosis of uveitis is 37 years. The prevalence among age groups varies greatly depending on the underlying etiology. The following is an example of age distribution by underlying etiology:<ref name="pmid8619771">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ et al.| title=Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1996 | volume= 114 | issue= 5 | pages= 593-9 | pmid=8619771 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8619771  }} </ref><ref name=agrawal>Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.</ref><ref name=guly>Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976</ref><ref name=gutteridge>Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.</ref><ref name=patientinfouveitis>Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1</ref><br>
''Children'': juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, toxocariasis <br>
:''Children'': [[Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]], [[toxocariasis]] <br>
''Young adults'': Behçet's disease, human leukocyte-associated antigen B27-associated uveitis, Fuch's uveitis <br>
:''Young adults'': [[Behçet's disease]], [[HLA-B27]] antigen associated uveitis, Fuch's uveitis <br>
''Older adults'': Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, herpes zoster ophthalmicus and, in the developing world, tuberculosis and leprosy
:''Older adults'': [[Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome]], [[herpes zoster]] ophthalmicus, and [[tuberculosis]]


===Gender===
===Gender===
Line 35: Line 36:


===Race===
===Race===
The prevalence of different etiologies of uveitis vary by race. Caucasians are more affected by HLA-B27 related conditions making HLA-related uveitis highly prevalent in this race group. Alternatively, middle eastern people are more likely affected with Behcet's disease, making them more likely to have uveitis related to this disease. African Americans are more commonly affected by sarcoidosis, thus sarcoid related uveitis is more common in this group.<ref name=agrawal>Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.</ref><ref name=guly>Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976</ref><ref name=gutteridge>Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.</ref><ref name=patientinfouveitis>Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1</ref>
The [[prevalence]] of different [[etiologies]] of uveitis vary by race. Caucasians are more affected by [[HLA-B27]] related conditions making [[HLA]]-related uveitis highly prevalent in this race group. Alternatively, middle eastern people are more likely affected with [[Behcet's disease]], making them more likely to have uveitis related to this disease. African Americans are more commonly affected by [[sarcoidosis]], thus sarcoid related uveitis is more common in this group.<ref name=agrawal>Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of [[anterior]] uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.</ref><ref name=guly>Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976</ref><ref name=gutteridge>Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.</ref><ref name=patientinfouveitis>Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Primary care]]


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2]; M Chadi Alraies M.D., MPH [3]

Overview

Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons. The prevalence among different subtypes of uveitis varies greatly. Anterior, chronic, non-granulomatous and non-infectious subtypes are more commonly seen than others. The worldwide incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 persons per year. The age, sex, and race distribution is also dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.[1][2][3]

Epidemiology

Worldwide incidence and prevalence of uveitis has been well studied. The epidemiologic data varies greatly by underlying etiology or classification of uveitis.

Prevalence

Worldwide, the prevalence of uveitis ranges from 69 to 204 per 100,000 persons.[1][2][3]

Prevalence by Subtype

Several studies have reported prevalence data among a large group of uveitis patients, as follows:

Incidence

Worldwide, the incidence of uveitis ranges from 17 to 52 per 100,000 per year.[1][2][3]

Demographics

The age, sex, and race distribution of uveitis is dictated by the prevalence of the underlying cause within those demographic groups.

Age

The mean age of diagnosis of uveitis is 37 years. The prevalence among age groups varies greatly depending on the underlying etiology. The following is an example of age distribution by underlying etiology:[3][4][5][6][7]

Children: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, toxocariasis
Young adults: Behçet's disease, HLA-B27 antigen associated uveitis, Fuch's uveitis
Older adults: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and tuberculosis

Gender

Women are more commonly affected with uveitis than men. The overall female to male ratio is approximately 1.4 to 1. The prevalence of uveitis among one of the sexes depends on the gender distribution of the underlying disorder.[3]

Race

The prevalence of different etiologies of uveitis vary by race. Caucasians are more affected by HLA-B27 related conditions making HLA-related uveitis highly prevalent in this race group. Alternatively, middle eastern people are more likely affected with Behcet's disease, making them more likely to have uveitis related to this disease. African Americans are more commonly affected by sarcoidosis, thus sarcoid related uveitis is more common in this group.[4][5][6][7]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Guly CM, Forrester JV (2010). "Investigation and management of uveitis". BMJ. 341: c4976. doi:10.1136/bmj.c4976. PMID 20943722.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ (2007). "Acute anterior uveitis in primary care". Clin Exp Optom. 90 (2): 70–82. doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x. PMID 17311570.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Rodriguez A, Calonge M, Pedroza-Seres M, Akova YA, Messmer EM, D'Amico DJ; et al. (1996). "Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center". Arch Ophthalmol. 114 (5): 593–9. PMID 8619771.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Agrawal RV, Murthy S, Sangwan V, et al; Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan-Feb;58(1):11-9. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.58468.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Guly CM, Forrester JV; Investigation and management of uveitis. BMJ. 2010 Oct 13;341:c4976. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4976
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ; Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Mar;90(2):70-82.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Patient Info UK and European Guidelines(2016)http://patient.info/doctor/uveitis-pro#ref-1

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