Left atrial enlargement electrocardiogram: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}} | {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Left atrial enlargement may be observed among patients with pressure or volume overload of the [[left atrium]]. | Left atrial enlargement may be observed among patients with pressure or volume overload of the [[left atrium]]. | ||
== Differential Diagnosis of Left Atrial Enlargement== | ==Differential Diagnosis of Left Atrial Enlargement== | ||
* Atrial aneurysm | |||
* [[Infective endocarditis]] | *Atrial aneurysm | ||
* [[Left heart failure]] | *[[Infective endocarditis]] | ||
* [[Mitral regurgitation]] | *[[Left heart failure]] | ||
* [[Mitral stenosis]] | *[[Mitral regurgitation]] | ||
* [[Mitral valve prolapse]] | *[[Mitral stenosis]] | ||
* [[Myxedema]] | *[[Mitral valve prolapse]] | ||
* [[Patent Ductus Arteriosus]] | *[[Myxedema]] | ||
* [[Ventricular septal defect]] | *[[Patent Ductus Arteriosus]] | ||
*[[Ventricular septal defect]] | |||
==EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement== | ==EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement== | ||
[[Left atrial enlargement]] produces a broad, bifid [[P wave]] in lead II ('''P mitrale''') and enhances the terminal negative portion (negative deflection) of the P wave in V1. | |||
In '''lead I and/or II''' the following may be seen: | |||
*Bifid [[P wave]] with > 40 ms between the two peaks | |||
*Total [[P wave]] duration > 110 ms | |||
[[Image:P mitrale.gif|200px]] | |||
In '''lead V1''', the following may be seen: | |||
*Biphasic [[P wave]] with terminal negative portion > 40 ms duration (>0.04 sec or 1 small square) | |||
*Biphasic [[P wave]] with terminal negative portion > 1mm deep | |||
[[Image:LAE-v1.png|Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1|400px]] | |||
==Examples of Left Atrial Enlargement on EKG== | |||
<div align="left"> | <div align="left"> | ||
<gallery heights="175" widths="150"> | <gallery heights="175" widths="150"> | ||
File:Left atrial enlargement.jpg|Left atrial enlargement | |||
File:LAE.png|12 lead EKG: Left atrial enlargement | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div align="left"> | <div align="left"> | ||
<gallery heights="175" widths="150"> | <gallery heights="175" widths="150"> | ||
File:LAE-v1.png|Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1. | |||
File:LAE 12lead.jpg|Left atrial enlargement, a 12 lead ECG | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Left atrial enlargement chest x-ray]] | |||
*[[Left atrial enlargement causes]] | |||
{{Circulatory system pathology}} | {{Circulatory system pathology}} | ||
{{Electrocardiography}} | {{Electrocardiography}} | ||
[[Category:Electrophysiology]] | [[Category:Electrophysiology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:34, 8 September 2020
| Left atrial enlargement electrocardiogram | ||
 | ||
|---|---|---|
| eMedicine | med/ | |
| MeSH | [1] | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]
Overview
Left atrial enlargement may be observed among patients with pressure or volume overload of the left atrium.
Differential Diagnosis of Left Atrial Enlargement
- Atrial aneurysm
- Infective endocarditis
- Left heart failure
- Mitral regurgitation
- Mitral stenosis
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Myxedema
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Ventricular septal defect
EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement
Left atrial enlargement produces a broad, bifid P wave in lead II (P mitrale) and enhances the terminal negative portion (negative deflection) of the P wave in V1.
In lead I and/or II the following may be seen:
In lead V1, the following may be seen:
- Biphasic P wave with terminal negative portion > 40 ms duration (>0.04 sec or 1 small square)
- Biphasic P wave with terminal negative portion > 1mm deep
Examples of Left Atrial Enlargement on EKG
-
Left atrial enlargement -
12 lead EKG: Left atrial enlargement
-
Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1. -
Left atrial enlargement, a 12 lead ECG
