Acute retinal necrosis classification: Difference between revisions
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{{Acute retinal necrosis}} | {{Acute retinal necrosis}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{LRO}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{LRO}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Acute retinal necrosis may be classified both by | Acute retinal necrosis may be classified both by duration of symptoms into acute or late, or by severity: mild or fulminant. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) may be classified by | *Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) may be classified by duration of symptoms as follows:<ref name="pmid1645179">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gartry DS, Spalton DJ, Tilzey A, Hykin PG |title=Acute retinal necrosis syndrome |journal=Br J Ophthalmol |volume=75 |issue=5 |pages=292–7 |year=1991 |pmid=1645179 |pmc=1042358 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**'''Acute stage''' | **'''Acute stage:''' Occurs at onset of disease and usually progresses past acute classification after a few weeks | ||
***Presents with coalescence of white, necrotic tissue in the peripheral retina | ***Presents with coalescence of white, [[necrotic]] tissue in the peripheral [[retina]] | ||
***Vaso-[[occlusion|occlusive]] retinal [[vasculitis]] is usually present | ***Vaso-[[occlusion|occlusive]] retinal [[vasculitis]] is usually present | ||
*** | ***[[Optic nerve|Optic nerve head]] of the affected eye will appear swollen, but the [[posterior pole]] will usually not be affected | ||
**'''Late stage''' | **'''Late stage:''' Is the natural progression of the disease and will present differentiating characteristics after a few weeks up to a few months | ||
***Characterized by a regression of the coalesced [[necrosis]] in the peripheral [[retina]], presenting starkly contrasted [[necrotic]]/non-[[necrotic]] tissue | ***Characterized by a regression of the coalesced [[necrosis]] in the peripheral [[retina]], presenting starkly contrasted [[necrotic]]/non-[[necrotic]] tissue, mild [[pigmentation]] [[scarring]], and increased [[vitreous]] debris | ||
***[[Retinal detachment]], severe [[vision loss]], and | ***[[Retinal detachment]], severe [[vision loss]], and potentially [[blindness]] in the affected eye | ||
***If the infection is bilateral, the second eye will usually present signs of ARN in the weeks and months following the initial symptom manifestation in the first eye | ***If the infection is bilateral, the second eye will usually present signs of ARN in the weeks and months following the initial symptom manifestation in the first eye | ||
*Acute retinal necrosis can also be classified by severity | *Acute [[retinal]] [[necrosis]] can also be classified by severity as follows:<ref name="pmid25356955">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brydak-Godowska J, Borkowski P, Szczepanik S, Moneta-Wielgoś J, Kęcik D |title=Clinical manifestation of self-limiting acute retinal necrosis |journal=Med. Sci. Monit. |volume=20 |issue= |pages=2088–96 |year=2014 |pmid=25356955 |pmc=4226315 |doi=10.12659/MSM.890469 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**'''Mild''' | **'''Mild:''' Used to characterize ARN that is stable and non-progressive | ||
***There is usually no sign of [[retinal detachment]]. | ***There is usually no sign of [[retinal detachment]]. | ||
**'''Fulminant''' | **'''Fulminant:''' ARN that is progressive and will usually lead to [[retinal detachment]] and further complications if left untreated | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
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[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:16, 29 July 2020
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Acute retinal necrosis Microchapters |
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Acute retinal necrosis classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute retinal necrosis classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute retinal necrosis classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Acute retinal necrosis may be classified both by duration of symptoms into acute or late, or by severity: mild or fulminant.
Classification
- Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) may be classified by duration of symptoms as follows:[1]
- Acute stage: Occurs at onset of disease and usually progresses past acute classification after a few weeks
- Presents with coalescence of white, necrotic tissue in the peripheral retina
- Vaso-occlusive retinal vasculitis is usually present
- Optic nerve head of the affected eye will appear swollen, but the posterior pole will usually not be affected
- Late stage: Is the natural progression of the disease and will present differentiating characteristics after a few weeks up to a few months
- Characterized by a regression of the coalesced necrosis in the peripheral retina, presenting starkly contrasted necrotic/non-necrotic tissue, mild pigmentation scarring, and increased vitreous debris
- Retinal detachment, severe vision loss, and potentially blindness in the affected eye
- If the infection is bilateral, the second eye will usually present signs of ARN in the weeks and months following the initial symptom manifestation in the first eye
- Acute stage: Occurs at onset of disease and usually progresses past acute classification after a few weeks
- Acute retinal necrosis can also be classified by severity as follows:[2]
- Mild: Used to characterize ARN that is stable and non-progressive
- There is usually no sign of retinal detachment.
- Fulminant: ARN that is progressive and will usually lead to retinal detachment and further complications if left untreated
- Mild: Used to characterize ARN that is stable and non-progressive
References
- ↑ Gartry DS, Spalton DJ, Tilzey A, Hykin PG (1991). "Acute retinal necrosis syndrome". Br J Ophthalmol. 75 (5): 292–7. PMC 1042358. PMID 1645179.
- ↑ Brydak-Godowska J, Borkowski P, Szczepanik S, Moneta-Wielgoś J, Kęcik D (2014). "Clinical manifestation of self-limiting acute retinal necrosis". Med. Sci. Monit. 20: 2088–96. doi:10.12659/MSM.890469. PMC 4226315. PMID 25356955.