Cerebral palsy history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Cerebral palsy}} | {{Cerebral palsy}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{IQ}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
A positive history of failure to meet the expected developmental milestones, failure to suppress the primitive reflexes, intellectual disability or mental retardation, visual or hearing problems, speech or language problems, and oromotor dysfunction is suggestive of cerebral palsy. The most common symptoms of cerebral palsy include abnormal muscle tone- early hypotonia followed by spasticity, gross motor developmental delay, definite hand preference before age 1 year, failure to crawl, failure to thrive or growth failure. Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include hypotonia with decreased resistance to movement. | A positive history of failure to meet the expected developmental milestones, failure to suppress the [[primitive reflexes]], [[intellectual disability]] or [[mental retardation]], [[visual]] or hearing problems, [[speech]] or language problems, and oromotor dysfunction is suggestive of cerebral palsy. The most common symptoms of cerebral palsy include abnormal [[muscle tone]]- early [[hypotonia]] followed by [[spasticity]], gross motor developmental delay, definite hand preference before age 1 year, failure to crawl, [[failure to thrive]] or [[growth failure]]. Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include [[hypotonia]] with decreased resistance to movement. | ||
==History | ==History== | ||
Patients with cerebral palsy may have a positive history for the following findings: | |||
* Failure to meet the expected developmental milestones | |||
Patients with cerebral palsy may have a positive history | * Failure to suppress the primitive reflexes | ||
*Failure to meet the expected developmental milestones | * [[Intellectual disability]] or [[mental retardation]] | ||
*Failure to suppress the primitive reflexes | * Visual or hearing problems | ||
*Intellectual disability or mental retardation | * Speech or language problems | ||
*Visual or hearing problems | * Oromotor dysfunction | ||
*Speech or language problems | * Abnormal muscle tone- [[hypotonia]]/[[hypertonia]] | ||
*Oromotor dysfunction | * Definite hand preference before age 1 year | ||
*Abnormal muscle tone- hypotonia/hypertonia | * Asymmetric crawling or failure to crawl | ||
*Definite hand preference before age 1 year | * [[Failure to thrive]]- growth disturbance | ||
*Asymmetric crawling or failure to crawl | * Complications associated with cerebral palsy such as: | ||
*Failure to thrive- growth disturbance | ** [[Pulmonary diseases]] such as recurrent [[aspiration]] and [[scoliosis]] <ref name="pmid11328476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reddihough DS, Baikie G, Walstab JE |title=Cerebral palsy in Victoria, Australia: mortality and causes of death |journal=J Paediatr Child Health |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=183–6 |year=2001 |pmid=11328476 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Complications associated with cerebral palsy such as | ** Orthopedic disorders <ref name="pmid12041941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Flynn JM, Miller F |title=Management of hip disorders in patients with cerebral palsy |journal=J Am Acad Orthop Surg |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=198–209 |year=2002 |pmid=12041941 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16757676">{{cite journal |vauthors=McCarthy JJ, D'Andrea LP, Betz RR, Clements DH |title=Scoliosis in the child with cerebral palsy |journal=J Am Acad Orthop Surg |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=367–75 |year=2006 |pmid=16757676 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Pulmonary diseases such as recurrent aspiration and scoliosis<ref name="pmid11328476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reddihough DS, Baikie G, Walstab JE |title=Cerebral palsy in Victoria, Australia: mortality and causes of death |journal=J Paediatr Child Health |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=183–6 |year=2001 |pmid=11328476 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ** Urinary complications <ref name="pmid3656569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Decter RM, Bauer SB, Khoshbin S, Dyro FM, Krarup C, Colodny AH, Retik AB |title=Urodynamic assessment of children with cerebral palsy |journal=J. Urol. |volume=138 |issue=4 Pt 2 |pages=1110–2 |year=1987 |pmid=3656569 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20579700">{{cite journal |vauthors=Silva JA, Gonsalves Mde C, Saverio AP, Oliveira IC, Carrerette FB, Damião R |title=Lower urinary tract dysfunction and ultrasound assessment of bladder wall thickness in children with cerebral palsy |journal=Urology |volume=76 |issue=4 |pages=942–5 |year=2010 |pmid=20579700 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2010.04.005 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Orthopedic disorders<ref name="pmid12041941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Flynn JM, Miller F |title=Management of hip disorders in patients with cerebral palsy |journal=J Am Acad Orthop Surg |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=198–209 |year=2002 |pmid=12041941 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16757676">{{cite journal |vauthors=McCarthy JJ, D'Andrea LP, Betz RR, Clements DH |title=Scoliosis in the child with cerebral palsy |journal=J Am Acad Orthop Surg |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=367–75 |year=2006 |pmid=16757676 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Osyteomalacia|Osteopenia]] <ref name="pmid10855654">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chad KE, McKay HA, Zello GA, Bailey DA, Faulkner RA, Snyder RE |title=Body composition in nutritionally adequate ambulatory and non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and a healthy reference group |journal=Dev Med Child Neurol |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=334–9 |year=2000 |pmid=10855654 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12093986">{{cite journal |vauthors=Henderson RC, Lark RK, Gurka MJ, Worley G, Fung EB, Conaway M, Stallings VA, Stevenson RD |title=Bone density and metabolism in children and adolescents with moderate to severe cerebral palsy |journal=Pediatrics |volume=110 |issue=1 Pt 1 |pages=e5 |year=2002 |pmid=12093986 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Urinary complications<ref name="pmid3656569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Decter RM, Bauer SB, Khoshbin S, Dyro FM, Krarup C, Colodny AH, Retik AB |title=Urodynamic assessment of children with cerebral palsy |journal=J. Urol. |volume=138 |issue=4 Pt 2 |pages=1110–2 |year=1987 |pmid=3656569 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20579700">{{cite journal |vauthors=Silva JA, Gonsalves Mde C, Saverio AP, Oliveira IC, Carrerette FB, Damião R |title=Lower urinary tract dysfunction and ultrasound assessment of bladder wall thickness in children with cerebral palsy |journal=Urology |volume=76 |issue=4 |pages=942–5 |year=2010 |pmid=20579700 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2010.04.005 |url=}}</ref> | |||
**Osteopenia<ref name="pmid10855654">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chad KE, McKay HA, Zello GA, Bailey DA, Faulkner RA, Snyder RE |title=Body composition in nutritionally adequate ambulatory and non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and a healthy reference group |journal=Dev Med Child Neurol |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=334–9 |year=2000 |pmid=10855654 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12093986">{{cite journal |vauthors=Henderson RC, Lark RK, Gurka MJ, Worley G, Fung EB, Conaway M, Stallings VA, Stevenson RD |title=Bone density and metabolism in children and adolescents with moderate to severe cerebral palsy |journal=Pediatrics |volume=110 |issue=1 Pt 1 |pages=e5 |year=2002 |pmid=12093986 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
{| | {| | ||
| Line 32: | Line 30: | ||
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Prenatal history | ! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Prenatal history | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5;| | | style="background: #F5F5F5;| | ||
*[[Prenatal]] exposure to | *[[Prenatal]] exposure to: | ||
**Illicit drugs | ** Illicit drugs | ||
**Toxins | ** [[Toxins]] | ||
**[[Infections]] | ** [[Infections]] | ||
*Maternal diabetes | * Maternal [[diabetes]] | ||
*Acute maternal illness | * Acute maternal illness | ||
*Trauma | * [[Trauma]] | ||
*Radiation exposure | * [[Radiation]] exposure | ||
*Prenatal care | * Prenatal care | ||
*Fetal movements | * Fetal movements | ||
*Early frequent spontaneous abortions | *Early frequent spontaneous abortions | ||
*Parental consanguinity | *Parental consanguinity | ||
| Line 48: | Line 46: | ||
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Perinatal history | ! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Perinatal history | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5;| | | style="background: #F5F5F5;| | ||
*Gestational age at birth | * [[Gestational age]] at birth | ||
*Presentation of the child and delivery type | * Presentation of the child and delivery type | ||
*Birth weight | * Birth weight | ||
*Apgar score | * [[Apgar score]] | ||
*Complications in the neonatal period | * Complications in the neonatal period | ||
**Intubation time | ** [[Intubation]] time | ||
**Intracranial hemorrhage | ** [[Intracranial hemorrhage]] | ||
**Feeding difficulties | ** Feeding difficulties | ||
**Apnea | ** [[Apnea]] | ||
**Bradycardia | ** [[Bradycardia]] | ||
**Infection | ** [[Infection]] | ||
**Hyperbilirubinemia | ** [[Hyperbilirubinemia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Developmental history | ! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Developmental history | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5;| | | style="background: #F5F5F5;| | ||
*Significantly delayed gross motor milestones | * Significantly delayed gross motor milestones | ||
*Early hand preference when <1.5 yr old | * Early hand preference when <1.5 yr old | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Family history | ! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Family history | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5;| | | style="background: #F5F5F5;| | ||
*Intellectual disability/developmental disabilities | * [[Intellectual disability]]/[[developmental disabilities]] | ||
*Seizures | * [[Seizures]] | ||
*CP | * [[CP]] | ||
*Neuromotor/movement disorders | * [[Neuromotor]]/movement disorders | ||
*Neurobehavioral disorders | * Neurobehavioral disorders | ||
*Joint contractures/stiffness | * Joint contractures/stiffness | ||
*Thromboses/vascular accidents | * [[Thromboses]]/vascular accidents | ||
*Congenital anomalies | * [[Congenital anomalies]] | ||
*Infertility | * [[Infertility]] | ||
*Recurrent miscarriages/stillborns | * Recurrent [[miscarriages]]/stillborns | ||
*Adult-onset neurodegenerative conditions | * Adult-onset neurodegenerative conditions | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
Common symptoms of | Common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include: | ||
*Abnormal muscle tone- early hypotonia followed by spasticity | * Abnormal [[muscle tone]]- early [[hypotonia]] followed by [[spasticity]] | ||
*Gross motor developmental delay | * Gross motor developmental delay | ||
*Definite hand preference before age 1 year | * Definite hand preference before age 1 year | ||
*Failure to crawl | * Failure to crawl | ||
*Failure to thrive or growth failure | * [[Failure to thrive]] or [[growth failure]] | ||
===Less Common Symptoms=== | ===Less Common Symptoms=== | ||
Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include | Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include: | ||
*Hypotonia with decreased resistance to movement | * [[Hypotonia]] with decreased resistance to movement | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:38, 6 October 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Iqra Qamar M.D.[2]
Overview
A positive history of failure to meet the expected developmental milestones, failure to suppress the primitive reflexes, intellectual disability or mental retardation, visual or hearing problems, speech or language problems, and oromotor dysfunction is suggestive of cerebral palsy. The most common symptoms of cerebral palsy include abnormal muscle tone- early hypotonia followed by spasticity, gross motor developmental delay, definite hand preference before age 1 year, failure to crawl, failure to thrive or growth failure. Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include hypotonia with decreased resistance to movement.
History
Patients with cerebral palsy may have a positive history for the following findings:
- Failure to meet the expected developmental milestones
- Failure to suppress the primitive reflexes
- Intellectual disability or mental retardation
- Visual or hearing problems
- Speech or language problems
- Oromotor dysfunction
- Abnormal muscle tone- hypotonia/hypertonia
- Definite hand preference before age 1 year
- Asymmetric crawling or failure to crawl
- Failure to thrive- growth disturbance
- Complications associated with cerebral palsy such as:
- Pulmonary diseases such as recurrent aspiration and scoliosis [1]
- Orthopedic disorders [2][3]
- Urinary complications [4][5]
- Osteopenia [6][7]
| Type of history | Specific history |
|---|---|
| Prenatal history | |
| Perinatal history |
|
| Developmental history |
|
| Family history |
|
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include:
- Abnormal muscle tone- early hypotonia followed by spasticity
- Gross motor developmental delay
- Definite hand preference before age 1 year
- Failure to crawl
- Failure to thrive or growth failure
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of cerebral palsy may include:
- Hypotonia with decreased resistance to movement
References
- ↑ Reddihough DS, Baikie G, Walstab JE (2001). "Cerebral palsy in Victoria, Australia: mortality and causes of death". J Paediatr Child Health. 37 (2): 183–6. PMID 11328476.
- ↑ Flynn JM, Miller F (2002). "Management of hip disorders in patients with cerebral palsy". J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 10 (3): 198–209. PMID 12041941.
- ↑ McCarthy JJ, D'Andrea LP, Betz RR, Clements DH (2006). "Scoliosis in the child with cerebral palsy". J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 14 (6): 367–75. PMID 16757676.
- ↑ Decter RM, Bauer SB, Khoshbin S, Dyro FM, Krarup C, Colodny AH, Retik AB (1987). "Urodynamic assessment of children with cerebral palsy". J. Urol. 138 (4 Pt 2): 1110–2. PMID 3656569.
- ↑ Silva JA, Gonsalves Mde C, Saverio AP, Oliveira IC, Carrerette FB, Damião R (2010). "Lower urinary tract dysfunction and ultrasound assessment of bladder wall thickness in children with cerebral palsy". Urology. 76 (4): 942–5. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.04.005. PMID 20579700.
- ↑ Chad KE, McKay HA, Zello GA, Bailey DA, Faulkner RA, Snyder RE (2000). "Body composition in nutritionally adequate ambulatory and non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and a healthy reference group". Dev Med Child Neurol. 42 (5): 334–9. PMID 10855654.
- ↑ Henderson RC, Lark RK, Gurka MJ, Worley G, Fung EB, Conaway M, Stallings VA, Stevenson RD (2002). "Bone density and metabolism in children and adolescents with moderate to severe cerebral palsy". Pediatrics. 110 (1 Pt 1): e5. PMID 12093986.