Rectal prolapse causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
More common causes of rectal prolapse include [[rectal]] denervation, [[perineal nerve]] injury, kinking of the redundant loop of [[sigmoid colon]], altered colonic motility and less common causes include relaxation of lateral ligament and pelvic floor muscles and loss of [[rectal]] compliance. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
=== | === More common causes === | ||
*Rectal denervation | More common causes of rectal prolapse include:<ref name="pmid20011387">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Brien DP |title=Rectal prolapse |journal=Clin Colon Rectal Surg |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=125–32 |year=2007 |pmid=20011387 |pmc=2780179 |doi=10.1055/s-2007-977491 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21431090">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shin EJ |title=Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse |journal=J Korean Soc Coloproctol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=5–12 |year=2011 |pmid=21431090 |pmc=3053504 |doi=10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Kinking of the redundant loop of sigmoid colon at the junction between the sigmoid colon and the rectum | *[[Rectal]] denervation | ||
*[[Perineal nerve]] injury (due to descent of the [[pelvic floor]], viginal delivery and excessive straining during defection) | |||
*Altered colonic motility<ref name=" | *Kinking of the redundant loop of [[sigmoid colon]] at the junction between the [[sigmoid colon]] and the [[rectum]] | ||
*Altered colonic motility | |||
*[[Anismus]] (paradoxical contractions of the [[pelvic floor]])<ref name="pmid27847787">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pisano U, Irvine L, Szczachor J, Jawad A, MacLeod A, Lim M |title=Anismus, Physiology, Radiology: Is It Time for Some Pragmatism? A Comparative Study of Radiological and Anorectal Physiology Findings in Patients With Anismus |journal=Ann Coloproctol |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=170–174 |year=2016 |pmid=27847787 |pmc=5108663 |doi=10.3393/ac.2016.32.5.170 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27865742">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cariou de Vergie L, Venara A, Duchalais E, Frampas E, Lehur PA |title=Internal rectal prolapse: Definition, assessment and management in 2016 |journal=J Visc Surg |volume=154 |issue=1 |pages=21–28 |year=2017 |pmid=27865742 |doi=10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2016.10.004 |url=}}</ref> | |||
=== Less common causes === | |||
Less common causes of rectal prolapse include:<ref name="pmid20011387">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Brien DP |title=Rectal prolapse |journal=Clin Colon Rectal Surg |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=125–32 |year=2007 |pmid=20011387 |pmc=2780179 |doi=10.1055/s-2007-977491 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21431090">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shin EJ |title=Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse |journal=J Korean Soc Coloproctol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=5–12 |year=2011 |pmid=21431090 |pmc=3053504 |doi=10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Relaxation of the lateral ligaments | |||
*Relaxation of the [[pelvic floor]] muscles | |||
*Loss of rectal compliance as a result of [[mesh]] placement | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:00, 16 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
More common causes of rectal prolapse include rectal denervation, perineal nerve injury, kinking of the redundant loop of sigmoid colon, altered colonic motility and less common causes include relaxation of lateral ligament and pelvic floor muscles and loss of rectal compliance.
Causes
More common causes
More common causes of rectal prolapse include:[1][2]
- Rectal denervation
- Perineal nerve injury (due to descent of the pelvic floor, viginal delivery and excessive straining during defection)
- Kinking of the redundant loop of sigmoid colon at the junction between the sigmoid colon and the rectum
- Altered colonic motility
- Anismus (paradoxical contractions of the pelvic floor)[3][4]
Less common causes
Less common causes of rectal prolapse include:[1][2]
- Relaxation of the lateral ligaments
- Relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles
- Loss of rectal compliance as a result of mesh placement
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 O'Brien DP (2007). "Rectal prolapse". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 20 (2): 125–32. doi:10.1055/s-2007-977491. PMC 2780179. PMID 20011387.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shin EJ (2011). "Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse". J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 27 (1): 5–12. doi:10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5. PMC 3053504. PMID 21431090.
- ↑ Pisano U, Irvine L, Szczachor J, Jawad A, MacLeod A, Lim M (2016). "Anismus, Physiology, Radiology: Is It Time for Some Pragmatism? A Comparative Study of Radiological and Anorectal Physiology Findings in Patients With Anismus". Ann Coloproctol. 32 (5): 170–174. doi:10.3393/ac.2016.32.5.170. PMC 5108663. PMID 27847787.
- ↑ Cariou de Vergie L, Venara A, Duchalais E, Frampas E, Lehur PA (2017). "Internal rectal prolapse: Definition, assessment and management in 2016". J Visc Surg. 154 (1): 21–28. doi:10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2016.10.004. PMID 27865742.