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{{Loefflers syndrome}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Soroush}}
==Overview==
Usually, physical examination reveals no abnormality. Cutaneous features of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Lung [[auscultation]] might have [[Rales|crackle]]<nowiki/>s on [[physical examination]] (common), with or without [[Wheeze|wheezing]]. Hence, common physical examination findings of Löffler syndrome include [[Wheeze|wheezing]], [[rash]], and mild [[fever]].


{{CMG}}
==Overview==
==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
Usually, physical examination reveal no abnormality.  
Physical examination of patients with Löffler syndrome might be normal, but is usually remarkable for wheezing, rash, and mild fever.<ref name="pmid21062596">Te Booij M, de Jong E, Bovenschen HJ (2010) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21062596 Löffler syndrome caused by extensive cutaneous larva migrans: a case report and review of the literature.] ''Dermatol Online J'' 16 (10):2. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/21062596 21062596]</ref><ref name="pmid16612768">Chitkara RK, Krishna G (2006) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16612768 Parasitic pulmonary eosinophilia.] ''Semin Respir Crit Care Med'' 27 (2):171-84. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-939520 DOI:10.1055/s-2006-939520] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/16612768 16612768]</ref><ref name="pmid21062596">Te Booij M, de Jong E, Bovenschen HJ (2010) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21062596 Löffler syndrome caused by extensive cutaneous larva migrans: a case report and review of the literature.] ''Dermatol Online J'' 16 (10):2. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/21062596 21062596]</ref><ref name="pmid24931460">Ekin S, Sertogullarindan B, Gunbatar H, Arisoy A, Yildiz H (2016) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24931460 Loeffler's syndrome: an interesting case report.] ''Clin Respir J'' 10 (1):112-4. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/crj.12173 DOI:10.1111/crj.12173] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/24931460 24931460]</ref> <ref name="pmid13480465">Caulet T (1957) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13480465 [Loffler syndrome and pulmonary eosinophilia].] ''Gaz Med Fr'' 64 (20):1737-8 passim. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/13480465 13480465]</ref><ref name="pmid5667987">(1968) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5667987 Löffler's syndrome.] ''Br Med J'' 3 (5618):569-70. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/5667987 5667987]</ref><ref name="pmid21007279">SASLAW MS, BOWMAN JA (1946) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21007279 Loeffler's syndrome.] ''J Fla Med Assoc'' 32 ():373. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/21007279 21007279]</ref><ref name="pmid21025484">SPECTOR HI (1945) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21025484 Loeffler's syndrome (transient pulmonary infiltrations with eosinophilia); report of a case and a review of the available literature.] ''Dis Chest'' 11 ():380-91. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/21025484 21025484]</ref><ref name="pmid21010826">GREIG ED (1945) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21010826 On tropical eosinophilia associated with pulmonary signs (Loeffler's syndrome).] ''J Trop Med Hyg'' 48 ():149-51. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/21010826 21010826]</ref>
 
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Patients with  Löffler syndrome might appear normal or ill.  
 
===Vital Signs===


Cutaneous features of hypereosinophilic syndrome
*low-grade fever
*[[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
*Tachypnea


===Skin===
* Skin examination of patients with Löffler syndrome s usually normal. Nevertheless, patients might develop a rash.
* Cutaneous features of hypereosinophilic syndrome
===HEENT===
* HEENT examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Neck===
* Neck examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Lungs===
===Lungs===
* Lung auscultation might have crackles on physical examination (common), with or without wheezing.  
Lung auscultation might have crackles on physical examination (common), with or without wheezing.
* Pulmonary examination of patients with might be normal.
 
*Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung
*Rhonchi
*[[Wheezing]] may be present
 
===Heart===
* Cardiovascular examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Abdomen===
* Abdominal examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
* Patients subsequently might complain of abdominal pain or other complications of parasitic infections.
===Back===
* Back examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Genitourinary===
* Genitourinary examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Neuromuscular===
* Neuromuscular examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
===Extremities===
* Extremities examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.


*[[Cyanosis]] is barely reported 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 14:25, 11 June 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Usually, physical examination reveals no abnormality. Cutaneous features of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Lung auscultation might have crackles on physical examination (common), with or without wheezing. Hence, common physical examination findings of Löffler syndrome include wheezing, rash, and mild fever.

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with Löffler syndrome might be normal, but is usually remarkable for wheezing, rash, and mild fever.[1][2][1][3] [4][5][6][7][8]

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients with Löffler syndrome might appear normal or ill.

Vital Signs

  • low-grade fever
  • Tachycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
  • Tachypnea

Skin

  • Skin examination of patients with Löffler syndrome s usually normal. Nevertheless, patients might develop a rash.
  • Cutaneous features of hypereosinophilic syndrome

HEENT

  • HEENT examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Neck

  • Neck examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Lungs

Lung auscultation might have crackles on physical examination (common), with or without wheezing.

  • Pulmonary examination of patients with might be normal.
  • Fine/coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung
  • Rhonchi
  • Wheezing may be present

Heart

  • Cardiovascular examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Abdomen

  • Abdominal examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.
  • Patients subsequently might complain of abdominal pain or other complications of parasitic infections.

Back

  • Back examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

Extremities

  • Extremities examination of patients with Löffler syndrome is usually normal.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Te Booij M, de Jong E, Bovenschen HJ (2010) Löffler syndrome caused by extensive cutaneous larva migrans: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J 16 (10):2. PMID: 21062596
  2. ↑ Chitkara RK, Krishna G (2006) Parasitic pulmonary eosinophilia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 27 (2):171-84. DOI:10.1055/s-2006-939520 PMID: 16612768
  3. ↑ Ekin S, Sertogullarindan B, Gunbatar H, Arisoy A, Yildiz H (2016) Loeffler's syndrome: an interesting case report. Clin Respir J 10 (1):112-4. DOI:10.1111/crj.12173 PMID: 24931460
  4. ↑ Caulet T (1957) [Loffler syndrome and pulmonary eosinophilia.] Gaz Med Fr 64 (20):1737-8 passim. PMID: 13480465
  5. ↑ (1968) Löffler's syndrome. Br Med J 3 (5618):569-70. PMID: 5667987
  6. ↑ SASLAW MS, BOWMAN JA (1946) Loeffler's syndrome. J Fla Med Assoc 32 ():373. PMID: 21007279
  7. ↑ SPECTOR HI (1945) Loeffler's syndrome (transient pulmonary infiltrations with eosinophilia); report of a case and a review of the available literature. Dis Chest 11 ():380-91. PMID: 21025484
  8. ↑ GREIG ED (1945) On tropical eosinophilia associated with pulmonary signs (Loeffler's syndrome). J Trop Med Hyg 48 ():149-51. PMID: 21010826

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