Adrenal insufficiency causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Adrenal insufficiency}}
{{Adrenal insufficiency}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ayeesha}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].


OR
Common causes of [[adrenal insufficiency]] include [[autoimmune adrenalitis]] and chronic [[glucocorticoid]] use.


Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
==[[Adrenal insufficiency |Causes]]==
 
===Life threatening cause===
OR
*[[Adrenal crisis]] is a life-threatening cause of [[adrenal insufficiency]].
 
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
 
OR
 
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click [[Pericarditis causes#Overview|here]].
 
==Cause[[inflammatory bowel disease|s]]==
 
*ymptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
Common causes of [disease name] may include:
Common causes of adrenal insufficiency include:
*[Cause1]
*[[Primary adrenal insufficiency]]: [[Autoimmune adrenalitis]]
*[Cause2]
*[[Central adrenal insufficiency]]: Chronic [[glucocorticoid]] use.
*[Cause3]


===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [[adrenal insufficiency]] include:
*Infections:
**[[Tuberculosis]]
**Fungal infections([[histoplasma]])
**[[Cytomegalovirus]]
**[[HIV]]
*[[Adrenal hemorrhage]]
*[[X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy]]
*Trauma
*[[Metastasis]]


OR
The following table summarizes the causes of adrenal insufficiency. <ref name="pmid25905309">{{cite journal| author=Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dungan K | display-authors=etal| title=Endotext | journal= | year= 2000 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=25905309 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> <ref name="BornsteinAllolio2016">{{cite journal|last1=Bornstein|first1=Stefan R.|last2=Allolio|first2=Bruno|last3=Arlt|first3=Wiebke|last4=Barthel|first4=Andreas|last5=Don-Wauchope|first5=Andrew|last6=Hammer|first6=Gary D.|last7=Husebye|first7=Eystein S.|last8=Merke|first8=Deborah P.|last9=Murad|first9=M. Hassan|last10=Stratakis|first10=Constantine A.|last11=Torpy|first11=David J.|title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline|journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=101|issue=2|year=2016|pages=364–389|issn=0021-972X|doi=10.1210/jc.2015-1710}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="3" |<font size="+2">Causes of [[adrenal insufficiency]]
|-
|'''<font size="+1">[[Primary adrenal insufficiency]]'''<br>'''([[Addison's disease]])'''
|'''<font size="+1">[[Secondary adrenal insufficiency]]'''
|'''<font size="+1">[[Tertiary adrenal insufficiency]]'''
|-
|
*'''[[Autoimmune]]:'''
**Sporadic
**[[Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1]]<br>(APS type 1)
**[[Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2]]<br>(Schmidt's syndrome)
*'''[[Infections]]:'''
**[[Tuberculosis]],
**[[Fungal infections]],
**[[Cytomegalovirus]],
**[[HIV]]
*'''[[Adrenal]] [[Metastasis]]'''
*'''[[Adrenal]] infiltration'''
*'''[[Adrenal hemorrhage]]:'''
**[[Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome]],
**Drugs - Anticoagulants- [[Heparin]], [[Warfarin]])
*'''[[Adrenoleukodystrophy]]'''
*'''Congenital adrenal hypoplasia'''
*'''Bilateral adrenelectomy'''


*[Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
|
*[Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].
*'''[[Pituitary]] [[tumors]]'''
*'''[[Iatrogeneic]]:'''
**[[Pituitary]] [[surgery]],
**[[Pituitary]] [[radiation]]
*'''[[Granulomatous diseases]]:'''
**[[Tuberculosis]]
**[[Sarcoidosis]]
**[[Histiocytosis]]
**[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*'''[[Metastasis]]'''
*'''[[Pituitary apoplexy]]'''
*'''[[Sheehan's syndrome]]'''<br>(Peripartum pituitary necrosis)
*'''[[Genetic]]:'''
**Isolated [[ACTH]] deficiency,
**Multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies
*'''Trauma'''
|
*'''[[Glucocorticoid]] therapy'''
*'''[[Cushing's syndrome]]'''<br>(Excess endogenous [[glucocorticoid]] production)
*'''Drugs:'''
**[[Mifepristone]]
**[[Chlorpromazine]]
**[[Imipramine]]
*'''[[Hypothalamic]] tumors'''<br>(Primary and metastatic)
*'''[[Iatrogenic]]:'''
**[[Hypothalamic]] [[surgery]]
**[[Hypothalamic]] [[radiation]]
*'''[[Granulomatous diseases]]:'''
**[[Tuberculosis]]
**[[Sarcoidosis]]
**[[Histiocytosis]]
**[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*'''Trauma'''


===Less Common Causes===
|}
Less common causes of [disease name] include:
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[CauseCauses by OrganList the causes of the disease in alphabetical order:<div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;">
* Cause 1
* Cause 2
* Cause 3
* Cause 4
* Cause 5
* Cause 6
* Cause 7
* Cause 8
* Cause 9
* Cause 10
</div>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:17, 16 November 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayeesha Kattubadi, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Common causes of adrenal insufficiency include autoimmune adrenalitis and chronic glucocorticoid use.

Causes

Life threatening cause

Common Causes

Common causes of adrenal insufficiency include:

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of adrenal insufficiency include:

The following table summarizes the causes of adrenal insufficiency. [1] [2]

Causes of adrenal insufficiency
Primary adrenal insufficiency
(Addison's disease) 		Secondary adrenal insufficiency Tertiary adrenal insufficiency

References

  1. ↑ Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dungan K; et al. (2000). "Endotext". PMID 25905309.
  2. ↑ Bornstein, Stefan R.; Allolio, Bruno; Arlt, Wiebke; Barthel, Andreas; Don-Wauchope, Andrew; Hammer, Gary D.; Husebye, Eystein S.; Merke, Deborah P.; Murad, M. Hassan; Stratakis, Constantine A.; Torpy, David J. (2016). "Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101 (2): 364–389. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1710. ISSN 0021-972X.

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