Milk-alkali syndrome: Difference between revisions

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	Milk-alkali syndrome;
ICD-9	275.42
DiseasesDB	8215
MedlinePlus	000332

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 17:00, 13 July 2020

For patient information page click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shakiba Hassanzadeh, MD [2]

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Milk-alkali syndrome from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Template:Mineral metabolic pathology

de:Burnett-Syndrom

Template:WikiDoc Sources

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-'''Milk-alkali syndrome''' is [[hypercalcemia]] caused by repeated ingestion of [[calcium]] and absorbable [[alkali]] (such as [[calcium carbonate]], or [[milk]] and [[sodium bicarbonate]]).  If untreated, '''milk-alkali syndrome''' may lead to metastatic calcification and [[renal failure]].
+__NOTOC__
-'''Pathophysiology'''<br />
+'''For patient information page click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
-Ingestion of over 2g of elemental [[calcium]] per day may lead to this disorder.  When a large quantity of [[calcium]] is ingested and absorbed by the GI tract, [[hypercalcemia]] works to feedback on the [[parathyroid gland]] to inhibit production of [[PTH]].  This, in turn, leads to an increased absorption of [[bicarbonate]] in the [[kidney]], establishing [[metabolic alkalosis]].  Additionally, [[hypercalcemia]] produces a concentrating defect in the [[kidney]] which can be considered a form of nephrogenic [[diabetes insipidus]].
+{{Infobox_Disease |
+  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
+  Image          = |
+  Caption        = |
+  DiseasesDB     = 8215 |
+  ICD10          = |
+  ICD9           = {{ICD9|275.42}} |
+  ICDO           = |
+  OMIM           = |
+  MedlinePlus    = 000332 |
+  MeshID         = |
+}}
+{{Milk-alkali syndrome}}
+{{CMG}} {{SCC}} {{AE}} {{SHA}}
-'''Clinical'''<br />
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome overview|Overview]]==
-Effects due to [[hypercalcemia]] may be remembered by ''bones'', ''stones'', ''groans'' and ''psychiatric undertones''.  This means an increased risk of [[Kidney stones]], [[bone fractures]], [[anorexia (symptom)|anorexia]], [[vomiting]], [[constipation]] and a host of psychiatric effects, including weakness, fatigue and [[altered mental status]].  Thus, a level of [[serum]] [[calcium]] must be obtained, but a full workup must include total/ionized [[calcium]], [[human serum albumin|albumin]], [[phosphate]], [[PTH]], [[PTHrP]], [[vitamin D]] and [[TSH]].  In addition, evaluation of [[hypercalcemia]] must include an [[ECG]], which may show a short QT interval.<br />
-'''REFERENCES'''<br />
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-----
-. eMedicine.com - Milk-Alkali Syndrome ([http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1477.htm]).
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome classification|Classification]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome causes|Causes]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome differential diagnosis|Differentiating Milk-alkali syndrome from other Diseases]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome screening|Screening]]==
+==[[Milk-alkali syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
+==Diagnosis==
+[[Milk-alkali syndrome diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome x-ray|X-ray]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome echocardiography and  ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] |  | [[Milk-alkali syndrome CT scan|CT Scan]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome MRI|MRI]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
+==Treatment==
+[[Milk-alkali syndrome medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome surgery|Surgery]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] |[[Milk-alkali syndrome secondary prevention| Secondary Prevention]]|[[Milk-alkali syndrome cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Milk-alkali syndrome future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
+{{Mineral metabolic pathology}}
+[[Category:Electrolyte disturbances]]
+[[Category:Calcium]]
+[[Category:Urinary system]]
+[[Category:Diseases and disorders]]
+[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
+[[Category:Urology]]
+[[de:Burnett-Syndrom]]
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 {{WikiDoc Sources}}

Milk-alkali syndrome
ICD-9	275.42
DiseasesDB	8215
MedlinePlus	000332

Milk-alkali syndrome: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:00, 13 July 2020

Diagnosis

Treatment

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