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{{Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis}}
{{Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MKK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] may have a positive history of [[connective tissue diseases]], drug intake, [[malignancy]] and other [[interstitial lung disease]]. Common symptoms are dry [[cough]], [[shortness of breath]], [[fever]], [[fatigue]] and [[weight loss]]. Less common symptoms are [[hemoptysis]], [[chest pain]] and [[night sweats]].


==Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
===History===
Patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] may have a positive history of:<ref name="pmid7623655">{{cite journal |vauthors=Alasaly K, Muller N, Ostrow DN, Champion P, FitzGerald JM |title=Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. A report of 25 cases and a review of the literature |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=74 |issue=4 |pages=201–11 |date=July 1995 |pmid=7623655 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21169342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yoo JW, Song JW, Jang SJ, Lee CK, Kim MY, Lee HK, Jegal Y, Kim DS |title=Comparison between cryptogenic organizing pneumonia and connective tissue disease-related organizing pneumonia |journal=Rheumatology (Oxford) |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=932–8 |date=May 2011 |pmid=21169342 |doi=10.1093/rheumatology/keq410 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Connective tissue disease|Connective tissue diseases]]
*[[Drugs]] intake e.g, [[Acebutolol]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Atorvastatin]], [[Azacytidine]], [[Azathioprine]].
*History of [[malignancy]]
*History of other [[interstitial lung disease]]


* Cough
===Common Symptoms===
* [[Dyspnea]]
Common symptoms of [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] include:<ref name="pmid396533">{{cite journal |vauthors=Henkler G, Klotzbach M, Koch H, Müller W, Richter J |title=[Progress in the area of drug development. 12] |language=German |journal=Pharmazie |volume=34 |issue=10 |pages=609–34 |date=October 1979 |pmid=396533 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10934089">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lazor R, Vandevenne A, Pelletier A, Leclerc P, Court-Fortune I, Cordier JF |title=Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Characteristics of relapses in a series of 48 patients. The Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladles "Orphelines" Pulmonaires (GERM"O"P) |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=162 |issue=2 Pt 1 |pages=571–7 |date=August 2000 |pmid=10934089 |doi=10.1164/ajrccm.162.2.9909015 |url=}}</ref>
* Influenza-like symptoms
*Continuous dry [[cough]]  
* Febrile illness
*[[Shortness of breath]]
* Widespread crackles
*[[Fever]]
* Mild resting [[hypoxemia]]
*Generalized [[fatigue]]
*Significant [[Weight loss]]


On examination, crackles are common, but [[clubbing]] is not. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. On HRCT, airspace consolidation with air bronchograms is present in more than 90% of patients, often with a lower zone predominance. A subpleural or peribronchiolar distribution is noted in up to 50% of patients. Ground glass or hazy opacities associated with the consolidation are detected in most patients. Pulmonary physiology is restrictive with a reduced DLCO. Airflow limitation is uncommon; gas exchange is usually abnormal and mild hypoxemia is common. Bronchoscopy with BAL reveals up to 40% lymphocytes, along with more subtle increases in neutrophils and eosinophils. In patients with typical clinical and radiographic features, a transbronchial biopsy that shows the pathologic pattern of organizing pneumonia and lacks features of an alternative diagnosis is adequate to make a tentative diagnosis and start therapy. On surgical lung biopsy, the histopathologic pattern is organizing pneumonia with preserved lung architecture; this pattern is not exclusive to BOOP and must be interpreted in the clinical context. Most patients recover with corticosteroid therapy. A standardized approach to dosing starting at 0.75 mg/kg and weaning over 24 weeks has been shown to reduce total corticosteroid exposure without affecting outcome.
===Less Common Symptoms===
Less common symptoms of [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] include:
*[[Hemoptysis]]
*[[Chest pain]]
*[[Night sweats]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]

Latest revision as of 21:31, 6 March 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]

Overview

Patients with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia may have a positive history of connective tissue diseases, drug intake, malignancy and other interstitial lung disease. Common symptoms are dry cough, shortness of breath, fever, fatigue and weight loss. Less common symptoms are hemoptysis, chest pain and night sweats.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia may have a positive history of:[1][2]

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia include:[3][4]

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia include:

References

  1. ↑ Alasaly K, Muller N, Ostrow DN, Champion P, FitzGerald JM (July 1995). "Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. A report of 25 cases and a review of the literature". Medicine (Baltimore). 74 (4): 201–11. PMID 7623655.
  2. ↑ Yoo JW, Song JW, Jang SJ, Lee CK, Kim MY, Lee HK, Jegal Y, Kim DS (May 2011). "Comparison between cryptogenic organizing pneumonia and connective tissue disease-related organizing pneumonia". Rheumatology (Oxford). 50 (5): 932–8. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keq410. PMID 21169342.
  3. ↑ Henkler G, Klotzbach M, Koch H, Müller W, Richter J (October 1979). "[Progress in the area of drug development. 12]". Pharmazie (in German). 34 (10): 609–34. PMID 396533.
  4. ↑ Lazor R, Vandevenne A, Pelletier A, Leclerc P, Court-Fortune I, Cordier JF (August 2000). "Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Characteristics of relapses in a series of 48 patients. The Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladles "Orphelines" Pulmonaires (GERM"O"P)". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 162 (2 Pt 1): 571–7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.2.9909015. PMID 10934089.
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