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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*'''Hypertensive nephropathy''' is a chronic medical condition, characterized by [[kidney]] injury due to long-standing [[high blood pressure]]. | |||
*It should be distinguished from "[[renovascular hypertension]]", which is a type of [[secondary hypertension]].<br><br> | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
*In the kidneys, as a result of ''benign [[arterial hypertension]]'', [[hyaline]] (pink, amorphous, homogeneous material) accumulates in the wall of small arteries and arterioles, leading to thickening of arterial walls and narrowing of the [[Lumen (anatomy)|lumen]]s — hyaline [[arteriolosclerosis]]. Consequently, tubular atrophy and [[interstitial fibrosis]] will occur. | |||
*Glomerular alterations (smaller [[glomeruli]] with different degrees of hyalinization - from mild to severe glomerulosclerosis) and podocyte loss can increase the endothelial permeability and filtration of remaining glomerules, leading to microalbuminuria and development of [[CKD]] | |||
*Some studies suggest a genetic component in the development of hypertensive nephropathy and nephrosclerosis.<br><br> | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
The | |||
*The incidence rate for hypertensive kidney disease has been increasing gradually over the past three decades. | |||
*Annually, 25,000 new cases of [[CKD]] associated with [[hypertension]], are diagnosed in the US. | |||
*[[Hypertension]] is known as the second leading cause of [[ESRD]].<br><br> | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
==History and Symptoms== | |||
Most of the patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no symptoms | |||
*Most of the patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no symptoms until kidney failure occurs. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 06:49, 31 May 2020
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Hypertensive nephropathy Microchapters |
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Differentiating Hypertensive Nephropathy from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hypertensive nephropathy overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypertensive nephropathy overview |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypertensive nephropathy overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
- Hypertensive nephropathy is a chronic medical condition, characterized by kidney injury due to long-standing high blood pressure.
- It should be distinguished from "renovascular hypertension", which is a type of secondary hypertension.
Pathophysiology
- In the kidneys, as a result of benign arterial hypertension, hyaline (pink, amorphous, homogeneous material) accumulates in the wall of small arteries and arterioles, leading to thickening of arterial walls and narrowing of the lumens — hyaline arteriolosclerosis. Consequently, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis will occur.
- Glomerular alterations (smaller glomeruli with different degrees of hyalinization - from mild to severe glomerulosclerosis) and podocyte loss can increase the endothelial permeability and filtration of remaining glomerules, leading to microalbuminuria and development of CKD
- Some studies suggest a genetic component in the development of hypertensive nephropathy and nephrosclerosis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
- The incidence rate for hypertensive kidney disease has been increasing gradually over the past three decades.
- Annually, 25,000 new cases of CKD associated with hypertension, are diagnosed in the US.
- Hypertension is known as the second leading cause of ESRD.
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
- Most of the patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no symptoms until kidney failure occurs.